低温化学进展：机制、反应与应用。

Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.

Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.

Molecules. 2021 Feb 1;26(3):750. doi: 10.3390/molecules26030750.

It is counterintuitive that chemical reactions can be accelerated by freezing, but this amazing phenomenon was discovered as early as the 1960s. In frozen systems, the increase in reaction rate is caused by various mechanisms and the freeze concentration effect is the main reason for the observed acceleration. Some accelerated reactions have great application value in the chemistry synthesis and environmental fields; at the same time, certain reactions accelerated at low temperature during the storage of food, medicine, and biological products should cause concern. The study of reactions accelerated by freezing will overturn common sense and provide a new strategy for researchers in the chemistry field. In this review, we mainly introduce various mechanisms for accelerating reactions induced by freezing and summarize a variety of accelerated cryochemical reactions and their applications.

化学反应可以通过冷冻加速，这似乎有违直觉，但这一惊人的现象早在 20 世纪 60 年代就被发现了。在冷冻体系中，反应速率的增加是由各种机制引起的，而冷冻浓缩效应是观察到的加速的主要原因。一些加速的反应在化学合成和环境领域具有很大的应用价值；同时，在食品、药品和生物制品储存过程中，某些低温下加速的反应应该引起关注。对冷冻加速反应的研究将颠覆常识，为化学领域的研究人员提供新的策略。在这篇综述中，我们主要介绍了冷冻诱导反应加速的各种机制，并总结了各种加速的低温化学反应及其应用。