Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
CIBERES, Health Institute Carlos III, Valencia, Spain.
Eur Respir Rev. 2021 Feb 2;30(159). doi: 10.1183/16000617.0149-2020. Print 2021 Mar 31.
Recent evidence has demonstrated that mucin 1 (MUC1) is involved in many pathological processes that occur in the lung. MUC1 is a transmembrane protein mainly expressed by epithelial and hematopoietic cells. It has a receptor-like structure, which can sense the external environment and activate intracellular signal transduction pathways through its cytoplasmic domain. The extracellular domain of MUC1 can be released to the external environment, thus acting as a decoy barrier to mucosal pathogens, as well as serving as a serum biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of several respiratory diseases such as lung cancer and interstitial lung diseases. Furthermore, bioactivated MUC1-cytoplasmic tail (CT) has been shown to act as an anti-inflammatory molecule in several airway infections and mediates the expression of anti-inflammatory genes in lung diseases such as chronic rhinosinusitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and severe asthma. Bioactivated MUC1-CT has also been reported to interact with several effectors linked to cellular transformation, contributing to the progression of respiratory diseases such as lung cancer and pulmonary fibrosis. In this review, we summarise the current knowledge of MUC1 as a promising biomarker and drug target for lung disease.
最近的证据表明，黏蛋白 1（MUC1）参与了肺部发生的许多病理过程。MUC1 是一种主要由上皮细胞和造血细胞表达的跨膜蛋白。它具有受体样结构，可通过其胞质域感知外部环境并激活细胞内信号转导途径。MUC1 的细胞外结构域可以释放到外部环境中，从而作为黏膜病原体的诱饵屏障，同时作为几种呼吸系统疾病（如肺癌和间质性肺疾病）的诊断和预后的血清生物标志物。此外，生物激活的 MUC1-胞质尾（CT）已被证明在几种气道感染中作为抗炎分子发挥作用，并介导慢性鼻-鼻窦炎、慢性阻塞性肺疾病和严重哮喘等肺部疾病中抗炎基因的表达。据报道，生物激活的 MUC1-CT 还与几种与细胞转化相关的效应物相互作用，导致肺癌和肺纤维化等呼吸系统疾病的进展。在这篇综述中，我们总结了 MUC1 作为肺部疾病有前途的生物标志物和药物靶点的最新知识。
