Househam K C, Bowie M D
Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, Cape Town.
S Afr Med J. 1988 Mar 19;73(6):346-9.
The results of a year-long prospective study of the epidemiological factors associated with acute infectious infantile diarrhoea in Cape Town are reported. Many coloured infants had a low birth weight, which was a risk factor for subsequent malnutrition. The parents were young, often unmarried, had 1-3 children and below average living conditions. However, coloured parents were better educated and had smaller families than their black counterparts. The incidence of breast-feeding was low, especially in the coloured population group. Black families originated from a largely migrant population and generally came from a squalid environment and had a higher incidence of sibling deaths. A hypothesis is advanced: coloured infants with infectious diarrhoea come from a deprived subgroup of their community while black patients come from a society that is generally disadvantaged and impoverished. In both groups financial pressures exacerbate the situation. Priorities are an improvement in living conditions--particularly for the black community--and the promotion of breast-feeding among coloured mothers. Oral rehydration programmes are advocated for both groups.
报告了一项为期一年的前瞻性研究结果，该研究涉及开普敦与急性感染性婴儿腹泻相关的流行病学因素。许多有色人种婴儿出生体重低，这是随后发生营养不良的一个危险因素。父母年轻，往往未婚，育有1至3个孩子，生活条件低于平均水平。然而，与黑人父母相比，有色人种父母受教育程度更高，家庭规模更小。母乳喂养的发生率较低，尤其是在有色人种群体中。黑人家庭大多来自移民群体，通常生活在肮脏的环境中，兄弟姐妹死亡的发生率较高。提出了一个假设：患有感染性腹泻的有色人种婴儿来自其社区中贫困的亚群体，而黑人患者则来自普遍处于不利地位和贫困的社会。在这两个群体中，经济压力都使情况更加恶化。当务之急是改善生活条件——特别是黑人社区的生活条件——并促进有色人种母亲进行母乳喂养。建议为这两个群体实施口服补液计划。
