Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
Leuk Lymphoma. 2021 Apr;62(4):779-790. doi: 10.1080/10428194.2020.1842403. Epub 2021 Feb 4.
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous group of diseases that poses an array of therapeutic challenges. For decades two chemotherapeutic agents, cytarabine and daunorubicin, remained the backbone of AML therapy protocols. However, since 2017 nine novel therapies have been approved for the management of AML. With the rapid expansion of therapeutic options, hematologists must adapt their practice to optimize the benefits of these novel therapy options and minimize treatment toxicity. Here, we discuss the novel therapies that have changed the standard of care in management of patients with AML. We summarize the pivotal clinical trials that lead to the approval of these agents, and ongoing trials evaluating additional potential indications. We discuss several promising therapy candidates and their corresponding clinical trials. We discuss therapeutic strategies to incorporate these therapies into practice and pose unanswered questions that have arisen along with the expansion of treatment options.
急性髓系白血病 (AML) 是一组异质性疾病，带来了一系列治疗挑战。几十年来，两种化疗药物——阿糖胞苷和柔红霉素——一直是 AML 治疗方案的基础。然而，自 2017 年以来，已有九种新的疗法获批用于 AML 的治疗。随着治疗选择的快速扩展，血液学家必须调整其治疗方法，以优化这些新型治疗方案的益处并最大程度降低治疗毒性。在这里，我们讨论了改变 AML 患者治疗标准的新型疗法。我们总结了导致这些药物获批的关键性临床试验，以及正在评估其他潜在适应证的临床试验。我们讨论了几种有前途的治疗候选药物及其相应的临床试验。我们讨论了将这些疗法纳入实践的治疗策略，并提出了随着治疗选择的扩展而出现的未解决的问题。
