Department of Neurology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
Department of Neurology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
BMJ Case Rep. 2021 Feb 4;14(2):e236538. doi: 10.1136/bcr-2020-236538.
Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is a progressive lethal neurological inflammatory disease due to persistent, wild measles virus infection in the central nervous system that is seen most frequently in children and young adolescents. Atypical presentations are seen in up to 10% of cases. Most frequently and severely affected region in the brain is the parieto-occipital region of the brain. Less commonly involved organs are the cerebellum, basal ganglia and corpus callosum. Brainstem involvement is rare and usually occurs when other areas of brain are involved along with it. Here, we describe an unusual male patient of 15 years age, having SSPE with MRI of brain showing extensive involvement of brainstem with no significant involvement of other cortical structures of the brain. It is very rarely described in SSPE, but one should be vigilant about such involvement of brainstem and cerebellum, and SSPE should not be missed when brainstem hyperintensities are seen in MRI brain with or without other region of the brain to avoid misdiagnosis.
亚急性硬化性全脑炎（SSPE）是一种进行性致命的中枢神经系统炎症性疾病，由中枢神经系统中持续存在的野生麻疹病毒感染引起，最常见于儿童和青少年。多达 10%的病例存在不典型表现。大脑中受影响最常见和最严重的区域是顶枕叶区域。较少受影响的器官是小脑、基底神经节和胼胝体。脑干受累很少见，通常发生在其他区域受累的同时。在这里，我们描述了一名 15 岁男性患者，患有 SSPE，脑部 MRI 显示脑干广泛受累，而大脑其他皮质结构无明显受累。在 SSPE 中很少见，但当 MRI 脑部出现脑干和小脑受累，而无其他脑部区域受累时，应警惕这种脑干和小脑受累，以避免误诊，因为 SSPE 不应该被遗漏。
