School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China.
Sponge Urban Rainwater Harvesting Technology Co., Ltd., Ningbo, 315100, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2021 Jun;28(22):28571-28584. doi: 10.1007/s11356-021-12525-5. Epub 2021 Feb 5.
Permeable pavement is an effective means for stormwater runoff control and pollutant removal. However, relatively few studies have examined the characteristics of permeable brick and corresponding permeable pavement system (PPS). In this work, the permeable pavement systems consisted of surface permeable brick layer (concrete or ceramic) with structural layer (including a cement mortar layer, a permeable concrete layer, and a gravel layers) were selected as typical cases to assess their permeability and runoff pollutant removal performance by laboratory experiments. The results indicated that PPS had obvious outflow hysteresis effect. The PPS with ceramic brick layer reached the saturation flow rate earlier and showed larger outflow rate than that with concrete brick layer. Both types of PPSs had a relatively high efficiency (83.8-95.2%) in removing suspended solids (SS) in stormwater runoff mainly due to the interception and filtration of the surface brick layer, whereas the structural layer of the PPS played a vital role in the removal of total phosphorus (TP). The percentage of total nitrogen (TN) removal efficiency via ceramic brick layer accounted for via corresponding PPS was obviously larger than that of concrete brick layer. The PPS also displayed a certain chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal ability: around 14.0-27.0% for concrete type and 20.9-28.9% for ceramic type. Subsequently, a multi-objective evaluation model was implemented based on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method to identify the optimal scheme in relation to four indices: permeability, environmental benefit, compressive strength, and comprehensive economic cost. The results showed, insofar, the ceramic PPS is preferred with a better economic performance. Our study attempts to select optimal designs of PPS and provides insight into the permeable capacity and the efficiency of pollutant removal in PPS.
透水铺装是控制雨水径流和去除污染物的有效手段。然而，很少有研究关注透水砖及相应的透水铺装系统（PPS）的特性。在这项工作中，选择了由表面透水砖层（混凝土或陶瓷）和结构层（包括水泥砂浆层、透水混凝土层和砾石层）组成的透水铺装系统作为典型案例，通过实验室实验评估其渗透性和雨水径流污染物去除性能。结果表明，PPS 具有明显的出流滞后效应。具有陶瓷砖层的 PPS 更早达到饱和流率，表现出比具有混凝土砖层的 PPS 更大的出流量。两种类型的 PPS 对雨水径流中的悬浮物（SS）去除效率均较高（83.8%-95.2%），主要归因于表面砖层的拦截和过滤作用，而 PPS 的结构层对总磷（TP）的去除起着至关重要的作用。通过陶瓷砖层去除的总氮（TN）去除效率占相应 PPS 的百分比明显大于通过混凝土砖层的百分比。PPS 还表现出一定的化学需氧量（COD）去除能力：对于混凝土类型约为 14.0%-27.0%，对于陶瓷类型约为 20.9%-28.9%。随后，基于层次分析法（AHP）方法实施了多目标评价模型，以确定与渗透率、环境效益、抗压强度和综合经济成本四个指标相关的最优方案。结果表明，陶瓷 PPS 具有更好的经济性能，是优选方案。我们的研究旨在选择最佳的 PPS 设计，并深入了解 PPS 的渗透能力和污染物去除效率。
