Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan.
Department of Nutrition and Food Studies, George Mason University, Washington, DC.
J Acad Nutr Diet. 2021 Jun;121(6):1064-1079. doi: 10.1016/j.jand.2020.08.083. Epub 2020 Oct 21.
Infant feeding practices are thought to shape food acceptance and preferences. However, few studies have evaluated whether these affect child diet later in life.
The study objective was to examine the association between infant feeding practices and dietary patterns (DPs) in school-aged children.
A secondary analysis of data from a diverse prospective birth cohort with 10 years of follow-up (WHEALS [Wayne County Health Environment Allergy and Asthma Longitudinal Study]) was conducted.
PARTICIPANTS/SETTING: Children from the WHEALS (Detroit, MI, born 2003 through 2007) who completed a food screener at age 10 years were included (471 of 1,258 original participants).
The main outcome was DPs at age 10 years, identified using the Block Kids Food Screener.
Latent class analysis was applied for DP identification. Breastfeeding and age at solid food introduction were associated with DPs using a 3-step approach for latent class modeling based on multinomial logistic regression models.
The following childhood DPs were identified: processed/energy-dense food (35%), variety plus high intake (41%), and healthy (24%). After weighting for loss to follow-up and covariate adjustment, compared with formula-fed children at 1 month, breastfed children had 0.41 times lower odds of the processed/energy-dense food DP vs the healthy DP (95% CI 0.14 to 1.25) and 0.53 times lower odds of the variety plus high intake DP (95% CI 0.17 to 1.61), neither of which were statistically significant. Results were similar, but more imprecise, for breastfeeding at 6 months. In addition, the association between age at solid food introduction and DP was nonsignificant, with each 1-month increase in age at solid food introduction associated with 0.81 times lower odds of the processed/energy-dense food DP relative to the healthy DP (95% CI 0.64 to 1.02).
A significant association between early life feeding practices and dietary patterns at school age was not detected. Large studies with follow-up beyond early childhood that can also adjust for the multitude of potential confounders associated with breastfeeding are needed.
婴儿喂养方式被认为会影响儿童对食物的接受程度和偏好。然而，很少有研究评估这些喂养方式是否会影响儿童以后的饮食。
本研究旨在探讨婴儿喂养方式与学龄儿童饮食模式（DP）之间的关系。
对一项具有 10 年随访时间的多样化前瞻性出生队列研究（WHEALS[韦恩县健康环境过敏和哮喘纵向研究]）的数据进行了二次分析。
参与者/设置：纳入 WHEALS（密歇根州底特律，2003 年至 2007 年出生）中完成 10 岁食物筛查的儿童（原始参与者 1258 人中的 471 人）。
主要结局是 10 岁时的 DP，使用布洛克儿童食物筛查器确定。采用基于多项逻辑回归模型的潜在类别建模 3 步法，通过母乳喂养和固体食物引入年龄将其与 DP 相关联。
采用潜在类别分析法对 DP 进行识别。
确定了以下儿童 DP：加工/高能量食物（35%）、多样化高摄入量（41%）和健康（24%）。在考虑随访损失和协变量调整后，与 1 个月时配方奶喂养的儿童相比，母乳喂养的儿童患加工/高能量食物 DP 的可能性低 0.41 倍（95%CI 0.14 至 1.25），患多样化高摄入量 DP 的可能性低 0.53 倍（95%CI 0.17 至 1.61），但均无统计学意义。母乳喂养 6 个月时的结果相似，但更不精确。此外，固体食物引入年龄与 DP 之间的关联无统计学意义，固体食物引入年龄每增加 1 个月，患加工/高能量食物 DP 的可能性降低 0.81 倍（95%CI 0.64 至 1.02）。
本研究未发现婴儿喂养方式与学龄期饮食模式之间存在显著关联。需要进行大型研究，对母乳喂养相关的大量潜在混杂因素进行调整，并进行儿童期后随访。
