Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland.
Department of Medical Immunology, Institute of Health Sciences, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey.
Allergy. 2021 Sep;76(9):2699-2715. doi: 10.1111/all.14763. Epub 2021 Mar 16.
B cells play a central role in the immune system through the production of antibodies. During the past two decades, it has become increasingly clear that B cells also have the capacity to regulate immune responses through mechanisms that extend beyond antibody production. Several types of human and murine regulatory B cells have been reported that suppress inflammatory responses in autoimmune disease, allergy, infection, transplantation, and cancer. Key suppressive molecules associated with regulatory B-cell function include the cytokines IL-10, IL-35, and TGF-β as well as cell membrane-bound molecules such as programmed death-ligand 1, CD39, CD73, and aryl hydrocarbon receptor. Regulatory B cells can be induced by a range of different stimuli, including microbial products such as TLR4 or TLR9 ligands, inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, IL-1β, and IFN-α, as well as CD40 ligation. This review provides an overview of our current knowledge on regulatory B cells. We discuss different types of regulatory B cells, the mechanisms through which they exert their regulatory functions, factors that lead to induction of regulatory B cells and their role in the alteration of inflammatory responses in different diseases.
B 细胞通过产生抗体在免疫系统中发挥核心作用。在过去的二十年中，人们越来越清楚地认识到，B 细胞通过超出抗体产生的机制，也具有调节免疫反应的能力。已经报道了几种类型的人类和鼠类调节性 B 细胞，它们可以抑制自身免疫性疾病、过敏、感染、移植和癌症中的炎症反应。与调节性 B 细胞功能相关的关键抑制性分子包括细胞因子 IL-10、IL-35 和 TGF-β 以及细胞膜结合分子，如程序性死亡配体 1、CD39、CD73 和芳香烃受体。调节性 B 细胞可以被多种不同的刺激诱导，包括 TLR4 或 TLR9 配体等微生物产物、IL-6、IL-1β 和 IFN-α 等炎症细胞因子以及 CD40 配体。这篇综述概述了我们目前对调节性 B 细胞的认识。我们讨论了不同类型的调节性 B 细胞、它们发挥调节功能的机制、诱导调节性 B 细胞的因素以及它们在不同疾病中改变炎症反应的作用。
