Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS), School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 75, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia.
Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS), School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 75, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science (ACES), School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 75, Hobart, TAS, 7001, Australia.
J Chromatogr A. 2021 Mar 15;1640:461936. doi: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.461936. Epub 2021 Jan 23.
Since the advent of diamond-based adsorbents in the late 1960s, the interest in their use for solid-phase extraction (SPE) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) has steadily increased. This is primarily due to their unique properties, such as extreme chemical and thermal stability, high mechanical strength and biocompatibility, and complex mixed-mode retention mechanisms. Currently, the most commonly used synthetic diamonds in SPE and HPLC are detonation nanodiamonds (DND), high-pressure high-temperature (HPHT) diamonds, and chemical vapour deposition (CVD) diamonds. These diamonds have been either used as individual particles (in both modified and unmodified forms), or for surface modification, or entrapped within composites and core-shell particles to develop new diamond-based adsorbents. These diamond-based adsorbents have been used for a variety of applications, including streamlined proteome analysis; extraction of anions, cations, actinides, uranium, lanthanides, alkaline earth metals, transition metals, and post-transition metals; and development of reversed-phase, normal phase, hydrophilic interaction, ion chromatography, and mixed-mode liquid chromatography columns, to name but a few. These varied applications of different types of diamonds are typically governed by their specific properties. This review discusses the various surface and bulk properties of DND, HPHT diamonds, and CVD diamonds that facilitate or limit their use in different SPE and HPLC based applications.
自 20 世纪 60 年代末出现基于金刚石的吸附剂以来，人们对其在固相萃取 (SPE) 和高效液相色谱 (HPLC) 中的应用的兴趣稳步增加。这主要是由于它们具有独特的性质，如极端的化学和热稳定性、高机械强度和生物相容性以及复杂的混合模式保留机制。目前，SPE 和 HPLC 中最常用的合成金刚石是爆轰纳米金刚石 (DND)、高压高温 (HPHT) 金刚石和化学气相沉积 (CVD) 金刚石。这些金刚石要么以单个颗粒的形式（无论是经过修饰还是未经修饰的形式）使用，要么用于表面修饰，要么被包裹在复合材料和核壳颗粒中，以开发新的基于金刚石的吸附剂。这些基于金刚石的吸附剂已被用于各种应用，包括简化的蛋白质组分析；阴离子、阳离子、锕系元素、铀、镧系元素、碱土金属、过渡金属和后过渡金属的提取；以及反相、正相、亲水相互作用、离子色谱和混合模式液相色谱柱的开发等。这些不同类型的金刚石的各种应用通常受其特定性质的支配。本综述讨论了 DND、HPHT 金刚石和 CVD 金刚石的各种表面和体性质，这些性质促进或限制了它们在不同的 SPE 和 HPLC 应用中的使用。
