School of Chemical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130, China; Tianjin Academy of Eco-Environmental Sciences, Tianjin, 300191, China.
School of Chemical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130, China.
Environ Pollut. 2021 Apr 1;274:116555. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116555. Epub 2021 Jan 27.
Microorganisms can degrade petroleum hydrocarbons, providing the advantages of low cost and few side effects towards ecosystems. Here, we evaluated the mechanisms of microbial degradation of marine petroleum hydrocarbon using metagenomics and metatranscriptomics approaches in order to provide new insight into microbial degradation of petroleum hydrocarbon. Seawater samples were collected at a depth of ∼8 m from an area near a drilling platform in the Bohai Bay and metagenomic sequencing was used to evaluate the functional potential of these marine microbial communities. Metatranscriptomic sequencing, fluorescence in-situ hybridization experiments, and flow cytometry were also performed on the microbial communities of samples subjected to 12 different culture conditions. The data were also subjected to Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) and co-transcription data visualization to evaluate co-transcription of gene functions. Metagenomic sequencing indicated the presence of numerous genes that were related to petroleum hydrocarbon metabolism. Further, the high co-transcription of genes in multiple pathways, indicated that groups of genes were synergistically transcribed to metabolize petroleum hydrocarbons. Metatranscriptomics also showed that microbial metabolism was highly active in the enrichments and that the transcription of a large number of prokaryotic replication and repair genes were significantly up-regulated including those encoding for the type VI secretion system (T6SS) protein, DNA polymerase I, thymidine phosphorylase, mevalonate kinase, and two-component systems. Concomitantly, the transcription of ribosomal genes involved in translation and photosynthetic genes involved in energy metabolism were down-regulated. Overall, oil and oxygen presence can increase the oil-degradation rates and related genes' transcription. Lot different metabolisms are co-regulated to exploit nutrients derived from the metabolism of petroleum hydrocarbons. Our analysis of metagenomic, metatranscriptomic and degradation data in this study show that a widespread gene spectrum involved in oil-degradation and the cooperation among genes is of great importance.
微生物可以降解石油烃，具有成本低、对生态系统副作用少等优点。在这里，我们使用宏基因组学和宏转录组学方法来评估海洋石油烃微生物降解的机制，以期为石油烃微生物降解提供新的见解。从渤海湾钻井平台附近的一个区域采集了 8 米深处的海水样本，并进行了宏基因组测序，以评估这些海洋微生物群落的功能潜力。还对经过 12 种不同培养条件的样本中的微生物群落进行了宏转录组测序、荧光原位杂交实验和流式细胞术。还对数据进行了加权基因共表达网络分析（WGCNA）和共转录数据可视化，以评估基因功能的共转录。宏基因组测序表明存在许多与石油烃代谢相关的基因。此外，多个途径中的基因高共转录表明，基因群协同转录以代谢石油烃。宏转录组学还表明，微生物代谢在富集物中非常活跃，并且大量原核复制和修复基因的转录显著上调，包括编码 VI 型分泌系统（T6SS）蛋白、DNA 聚合酶 I、胸苷磷酸化酶、甲羟戊酸激酶和双组分系统的基因。同时，与翻译相关的核糖体基因和与能量代谢相关的光合基因的转录下调。总的来说，油和氧的存在可以提高油降解率和相关基因的转录。许多不同的代谢途径被共同调控，以利用源自石油烃代谢的营养物质。我们在这项研究中对宏基因组学、宏转录组学和降解数据的分析表明，广泛的涉及石油降解的基因谱和基因之间的合作非常重要。
