Institute of Bio-inspired Structure and Surface Engineering, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 29 Yudao Street, 210016, Nanjing, China.
Institute of Bio-inspired Structure and Surface Engineering, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 29 Yudao Street, 210016, Nanjing, China.
Zoology (Jena). 2021 Apr;145:125892. doi: 10.1016/j.zool.2020.125892. Epub 2020 Dec 26.
Geckos demonstrate flexible and agile locomotion on diverse terrains and surfaces. The lateral undulation pattern referring to the trunk-limbs coordination gives animals advantages in terms of motion speed, dynamical stability, and highly efficient movement. Quantitative analysis of the angular variables of the trunk and limbs was proposed to compare the kinematics of Gekko gecko on the vertical plane in the standing wave and traveling wave of lateral undulation patterns. Thirteen angular variables were measured to illustrate the kinematic characteristics of trunk flexion, girdles rotation, scapula rotation, trunk deflection, femoral/humeral protraction-retraction, abduction-adduction, and rotation around their axes, and knee/elbow flexion-extension. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) tested for mean differences between patterns for maximum value, minimum value, and range value of each angular variable. The geckos adapted to the changes in locomotion velocity by dynamically adjusting the joints angular variables. Twenty of the thirty-nine angular values showed a significant pattern effect that presented the variation of angular values or the timing of the peak of the angle curve in two different lateral undulation patterns. The climbing stability of a gecko is tightly associated with the coordination between the body and the limbs.
壁虎在不同的地形和表面上表现出灵活和敏捷的运动。涉及躯干-附肢协调的横向波动模式使动物在运动速度、动态稳定性和高效运动方面具有优势。提出了对躯干和附肢的角度变量进行定量分析，以比较在横向波动模式的驻波和行波中垂直平面上壁虎的运动学。测量了十三个角度变量来说明躯干弯曲、腰带旋转、肩胛骨旋转、躯干偏斜、股骨/肱骨前伸-后缩、外展-内收以及围绕其轴的旋转、膝关节/肘关节弯曲-伸展的运动学特征。单向方差分析（ANOVA）用于测试每个角度变量的最大值、最小值和范围值在两种不同的横向波动模式之间的均值差异。壁虎通过动态调整关节角度变量来适应运动速度的变化。在 39 个角度值中，有 20 个表现出明显的模式效应，即两个不同的横向波动模式中角度值的变化或角度曲线峰值的时间变化。壁虎的攀爬稳定性与身体和附肢之间的协调密切相关。
