Pavlek Leeann R, Mueller Clifford, Jebbia Maria R, Kielt Matthew J, Fathi Omid
Division of Neonatology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States.
Front Pediatr. 2021 Jan 21;8:624113. doi: 10.3389/fped.2020.624113. eCollection 2020.
With advances in neonatal care, survival of premature infants at the limits of viability has improved significantly. Despite these improvement in mortality, infants born at 22-24 weeks gestation are at a very high risk for short- and long-term morbidities associated with prematurity. Many of these diseases have been attributed to abnormalities of tissue oxygenation and perfusion. Near-infrared spectroscopy utilizes the unique absorption properties of oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin to provide an assessment of regional tissue oxygen saturation, which can be used to calculate the fractional tissue oxygen extraction. This allows for a non-invasive way to monitor tissue oxygen consumption and enables targeted hemodynamic management. This mini-review provides a brief and complete overview of the background and physiology of near-infrared spectroscopy, practical use in extremely preterm infants, and potential applications in the neonatal intensive care unit. In this mini-review, we aim to summarize the three primary application sites for near-infrared spectroscopy, disease-specific indications, and available literature regarding use in extremely preterm infants.
随着新生儿护理技术的进步，处于生存极限的早产儿存活率显著提高。尽管死亡率有所改善，但妊娠22 - 24周出生的婴儿发生早产相关短期和长期疾病的风险非常高。其中许多疾病都归因于组织氧合和灌注异常。近红外光谱利用氧合血红蛋白和脱氧血红蛋白独特的吸收特性来评估局部组织氧饱和度，可用于计算组织氧摄取分数。这提供了一种无创监测组织氧消耗的方法，并实现有针对性的血流动力学管理。本综述简要全面地概述了近红外光谱的背景和生理学、在极早产儿中的实际应用以及在新生儿重症监护病房的潜在应用。在本综述中，我们旨在总结近红外光谱的三个主要应用部位、特定疾病的适应症以及关于在极早产儿中使用的现有文献。
