Xingyi Normal University for Nationalities, Xingyi, China.
Department of Anthropology and Ethnology, Institute of Anthropology, School of Sociology and Anthropology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
Am J Phys Anthropol. 2021 Apr;174(4):686-700. doi: 10.1002/ajpa.24240. Epub 2021 Feb 8.
The aim of this research was to explore the origin, diversification, and demographic history of O1a-M119 over the past 10,000 years, as well as its role during the formation of East Asian and Southeast Asian populations, particularly the Han, Tai-Kadai-speaking, and Austronesian-speaking populations.
Y-chromosome sequences (n = 141) of the O1a-M119 lineage, including 17 newly generated in this study, were used to reconstruct a revised phylogenetic tree with age estimates, and identify sub-lineages. The geographic distribution of 12 O1a-M119 sub-lineages was summarized, based on 7325 O1a-M119 individuals identified among 60,009 Chinese males.
A revised phylogenetic tree, age estimation, and distribution maps indicated continuous expansion of haplogroup O1a-M119 over the past 10,000 years, and differences in demographic history across geographic regions. We propose several sub-lineages of O1a-M119 as founding paternal lineages of Han, Tai-Kadai-speaking, and Austronesian-speaking populations. The sharing of several young O1a-M119 sub-lineages with expansion times less than 6000 years between these three population groups supports a partial common ancestry for them in the Neolithic Age; however, the paternal genetic divergence pattern is much more complex than previous hypotheses based on ethnology, archeology, and linguistics.
Our analyses contribute to a better understanding of the demographic history of O1a-M119 sub-lineages over the past 10,000 years during the emergence of Han, Austronesians, Tai-Kadai-speaking populations. The data described in this study will assist in understanding of the history of Han, Tai-Kadai-speaking, and Austronesian-speaking populations from ethnology, archeology, and linguistic perspectives in the future.
本研究旨在探讨 O1a-M119 在上一个 10000 年中的起源、多样化和人口历史，以及它在东亚和东南亚人群（特别是汉族、台-卡岱语人群和南岛语人群）形成过程中的作用。
使用包括本研究中生成的 17 个新序列在内的 O1a-M119 谱系的 Y 染色体序列（n=141），构建了一个带有年龄估计的修订系统发育树，并鉴定了亚支系。基于 60009 名中国男性中鉴定的 7325 名 O1a-M119 个体，总结了 12 个 O1a-M119 亚支系的地理分布。
修订后的系统发育树、年龄估计和分布图谱表明，O1a-M119 单倍群在上一个 10000 年中持续扩张，不同地理区域的人口历史存在差异。我们提出了几个 O1a-M119 亚支系作为汉族、台-卡岱语人群和南岛语人群的原始父系谱系。这三个群体之间存在几个年轻的 O1a-M119 亚支系，扩张时间不到 6000 年，这支持它们在新石器时代具有部分共同的祖先；然而，父系遗传分化模式比以前基于民族学、考古学和语言学的假设复杂得多。
我们的分析有助于更好地理解在上一个 10000 年中汉族、南岛语人群和台-卡岱语人群出现期间 O1a-M119 亚支系的人口历史。本研究中描述的数据将有助于从民族学、考古学和语言学的角度理解汉族、台-卡岱语人群和南岛语人群的历史。
