Department of Psychology.
J Comp Psychol. 2021 Feb;135(1):3-14. doi: 10.1037/com0000272.
A scientific discipline grows through the insights and labors of individual scientists, honed by their discussions among colleagues and the mentoring they provide to the next generation of scientists. Margaret Floy Washburn, president of the American Psychological Association in 1921, the founding year of the , was a large presence during the early years of comparative psychology. She was a consummate scientist in all the abovementioned dimensions: insights, labors, communicating with her peers (including, a century later, readers of her voluminous writings), and mentoring. This essay provides an overview of her professional life and, more importantly, a synopsis of her major theoretical work, , published in 1916. Her theoretical insights are remarkably relevant to contemporary developments in comparative psychology and related subdisciplines in psychology. She is an admirable founding mother for the discipline. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
一门科学学科是通过个体科学家的洞察力和努力发展起来的，这些努力通过他们与同事的讨论以及对下一代科学家的指导得到磨练。玛格丽特·弗洛伊·沃什伯恩（Margaret Floy Washburn）是 1921 年美国心理协会（American Psychological Association）的主席，同年也是比较心理学的创始之年，她在比较心理学的早期是一个重要人物。她在上述所有方面都是一位完美的科学家：洞察力、努力、与同行交流（包括一个世纪后，她的大量著作的读者），以及指导。本文概述了她的职业生涯，更重要的是，概述了她在 1916 年出版的主要理论著作《比较心理学导论》（An Introduction to Comparative Psychology）。她的理论见解与比较心理学和心理学相关子学科的当代发展非常相关。她是该学科令人钦佩的奠基人。
