EaStChem School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, King's Buildings, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK.
EaStChem School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, King's Buildings, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK.
Curr Opin Biotechnol. 2021 Jun;69:212-220. doi: 10.1016/j.copbio.2021.01.007. Epub 2021 Feb 5.
Amino acids are one of the most important synthons employed in the biotechnology, pharmaceutical and agrochemical industries for the preparation of active agents. Recently, the emerging use of these compounds as tools for protein engineering, has also been reported. Numerous chemo- and biocatalytic strategies have been developed for the stereoselective synthesis of these compounds. One of the most efficient processes is the enzymatic dynamic kinetic resolution of N-acylated derivatives, where an N-acyl amino acid racemase (NAAAR) is coupled with an enantioselective, hydrolytic enzyme (aminoacylase), and used to convert a racemic mixture of starting materials to enantiopure products. Here we provide a brief overview of the structure and mechanism of NAAAR. We will also review the applications of this class of biocatalyst, as well as discussing the various strategies employed to obtain an efficient system for the synthesis of optically pure canonical and non-canonical amino acids.
氨基酸是生物技术、制药和农化行业中用于制备活性剂的最重要的合成子之一。最近，这些化合物作为蛋白质工程工具的新兴用途也有报道。已经开发了许多化学和生物催化策略来立体选择性合成这些化合物。其中最有效的方法之一是 N-酰化衍生物的酶促动态动力学拆分，其中 N-酰基氨基酸 racemase (NAAAR) 与对映选择性水解酶（氨基酰化酶）偶联，并用于将外消旋混合物的起始物料转化为对映纯产物。在这里，我们简要概述了 NAAAR 的结构和机制。我们还将回顾此类生物催化剂的应用，并讨论获得用于合成光学纯的规范和非规范氨基酸的有效系统的各种策略。
