Dokuz Eylul University, Institute of Marine Sciences and Technology, 35340 Inciralti, Izmir, Turkey.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2021 Jun;28(23):29564-29580. doi: 10.1007/s11356-021-12695-2. Epub 2021 Feb 9.
The impacts of mariculture activities in the water and sediments were comprehensively evaluated for the first time in this study. Lower dissolved oxygen was detected near the cages during summer due to aquacultural activities and bacterial degradation of organic compounds. However, DO levels were not below the 5 mg L limit recommended for aquatic growth, survival and metabolic processes. Different eutrophication assessment methods showed that Güllük Bay, where intensive aquaculture activities occurred, was characterized by poor status. Assessment of different eutrophication tools for Akköy and Ildır Bay indicated that water quality status was not similar to each other. The most noticeable effect of aquaculture activities is the sedimentation of faeces and uneaten food under the cages. Nutrients in the water indicated gradual decrease with distance from the cages. Comparison of total phosphorus in sediments showed that the most affected area is Güllük Bay owing to cumulative impact of aquaculture. The higher total organic carbon (TOC) in sediments was measured near and under the cages. TOC was a useful indicator to show benthic health, less than 10 mg g corresponded to low risk deteriorations for all aquaculture sites. Sediment monitoring studies should be carried out to provide sustainable use of the aquaculture areas.
本研究首次全面评估了水产养殖活动对水和沉积物的影响。由于水产养殖活动和有机化合物的细菌降解，夏季在网箱附近检测到较低的溶解氧。然而，DO 水平并未低于水生生物生长、生存和代谢过程所推荐的 5mg/L 限值。不同的富营养化评估方法表明，密集水产养殖活动发生的古利克湾的状况较差。对阿卡伊和伊尔德尔湾的不同富营养化工具的评估表明，水质状况彼此不相似。水产养殖活动最显著的影响是网箱下粪便和未食用食物的沉积。水中的营养物质随着与网箱距离的增加而逐渐减少。对沉积物中总磷的比较表明，由于水产养殖的累积影响，古利克湾是受影响最严重的地区。在网箱附近和下方测量到较高的总有机碳 (TOC)。TOC 是一个有用的指标，可以显示底栖生物的健康状况，所有水产养殖地点的 TOC 低于 10mg/g 对应于低风险恶化。应进行沉积物监测研究，以实现水产养殖区的可持续利用。
