Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS) de Santiago de Compostela, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), Servizo Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain; Servizo de Psiquiatría, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Servizo Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (USC), Galicia, Spain.
Unidade de Conductas Adictivas, Servizo de Psiquiatría, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Ourense (CHUO), Servizo Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), Ourense, Galicia, Spain.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2021 Apr 1;221:108556. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.108556. Epub 2021 Jan 29.
High alcohol consumption and alcohol dependence are only partly genetically correlated and they differ considerably in their correlations with other traits. The existence of genetic correlation among alcohol dependence and psychiatric disorders may be attributed to the presence of a general psychopathology factor, the p factor. This study investigates the relationship of polygenic risk to general psychopathology and to high alcohol consumption on alcohol dependence.
Participants were 524 alcohol-dependent patients and 729 controls. Polygenic risk scores (PRS) were computed for alcohol consumption (drinks per week) and nine psychiatric disorders. Principal component analysis (PCA) applied to the psychiatric PRS was used to calculate the first principal component as a proxy of the polygenic p factor.
Both the polygenic p factor and the drinks per week PRS were associated with alcohol dependence in our sample. Both variables are only weakly correlated, contributing additively to the risk for alcohol dependence. Sensitivity analyses showed that the polygenic p factor was also associated with alcohol dependence in the subset of patients without any psychiatric or substance use comorbidity.
Polygenic risk for alcohol dependence can be split at least into two components, involved in general psychopathology and high alcohol consumption. The first component of PCA based on PRS for different psychiatric disorders allows estimation of the contribution of the polygenic p factor to alcohol dependence. The pleiotropic effects of genetic variants across psychiatric disorders are mainly manifested as alcohol dependence in some patients.
高酒精摄入量和酒精依赖在一定程度上仅具有遗传相关性，并且它们与其他特征的相关性差异很大。酒精依赖症与精神疾病之间存在遗传相关性，这可能归因于一般精神病理因素，即 p 因素。本研究调查了多基因风险与一般精神病理学以及与高酒精摄入量对酒精依赖的关系。
参与者为 524 名酒精依赖患者和 729 名对照。计算了酒精摄入量（每周饮酒量）和九种精神疾病的多基因风险评分（PRS）。应用于精神 PRS 的主成分分析（PCA）用于计算第一主成分作为多基因 p 因子的代理。
在我们的样本中，多基因 p 因子和每周饮酒量 PRS 都与酒精依赖有关。这两个变量相关性较弱，对酒精依赖的风险有累加作用。敏感性分析表明，多基因 p 因子在没有任何精神或物质使用共病的患者亚组中也与酒精依赖相关。
酒精依赖的多基因风险至少可以分为两个成分，涉及一般精神病理学和高酒精摄入量。基于不同精神障碍 PRS 的 PCA 的第一成分允许估计多基因 p 因子对酒精依赖的贡献。遗传变异在精神障碍中的多效性效应主要表现为某些患者的酒精依赖。
