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精密产品对全球导航卫星系统载波相位时间传递中昼界间断的影响。

Influence of Precise Products on the Day-Boundary Discontinuities in GNSS Carrier Phase Time Transfer.

作者信息

Zhang Xiangbo, Guo Ji, Hu Yonghui, Sun Baoqi, Wu Jianfeng, Zhao Dangli, He Zaimin

机构信息

National Time Service Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710600, China.

University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.

出版信息

Sensors (Basel). 2021 Feb 6;21(4):1156. doi: 10.3390/s21041156.

DOI:10.3390/s21041156
PMID:33562168
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7914937/
Abstract

Global navigation satellite system (GNSS) precise point positioning (PPP) has been widely used for high-precision time and frequency transfer. However, the day-boundary discontinuities at the boundary epochs of adjacent days or batches are the most significant obstacle preventing PPP from continuous time transfer. The day-boundary discontinuities in station estimates and time comparisons are mainly caused by the code-pseudorange noise during the analysis of observation data in daily batches, where the absolute clock offset is determined by the average code measurements. However, some discontinuities with amplitudes even more than 0.15 ns may still appear in station clock estimates and time comparisons, although several methods had been proposed to remove such discontinuities. The residual small amplitude of the day-boundary discontinuities in some PPP station clock estimates and time comparisons through new GNSSs like Galileo seems larger, especially using precise clock products with large discontinuities. To further understand the origin of the day-boundary discontinuities, the influence of GNSS precise products on the day-boundary discontinuities in PPP station clock estimates and time comparisons is investigated in this paper. Ten whole days of Multi-GNSS Experiment (MGEX) from modified Julian date (MJD) 59028 to 59037 are used as the observation data. For a comparative analysis, the station clock estimates are compared with global positioning system (GPS) and Galileo observations through PPP and network solutions, separately. The experimental results show that the daily discontinuities in current combined GPS final and rapid clock products are less than 0.1 ns, and their influence on the origin of day-boundary discontinuities in PPP station clock estimates and time comparison are statistically negligible. However, the daily discontinuities in individual Analysis Centers (ACs) GPS products are more extensive, and their influence on the origin of the day-boundary discontinuities in GPS PPP station clock estimates cannot be ignored. The day-boundary discontinuities demonstrate random walk noise characteristics and deteriorate the station clocks' long-term frequency stability, especially at an average time of more than one day. Although Galileo clock daily discontinuities are different from those of GPS, their influence on the day-boundary discontinuities in station clock estimates is nearly similar to the GPS PPP. The influence of daily discontinuities of Galileo clocks on PPP time comparison is similar to GPS and is not particularly critical to time comparison. However, combined and weighted MGEX products should be developed or Galileo IPPP should be used for remote comparison of high-stability clocks.

摘要

全球导航卫星系统（GNSS）精密单点定位（PPP）已广泛应用于高精度时间和频率传递。然而，相邻日或批次边界历元处的日边界不连续性是阻碍PPP进行连续时间传递的最主要障碍。测站估计和时间比对中的日边界不连续性主要是由每日批次观测数据分析期间的码伪距噪声引起的，其中绝对时钟偏差由平均码测量值确定。然而，尽管已经提出了几种方法来消除此类不连续性，但在测站时钟估计和时间比对中仍可能出现一些幅度甚至超过0.15纳秒的不连续性。通过像伽利略这样的新GNSS进行的一些PPP测站时钟估计和时间比对中，日边界不连续性的残余小幅度似乎更大，特别是使用具有大不连续性的精密时钟产品时。为了进一步了解日边界不连续性的起源，本文研究了GNSS精密产品对PPP测站时钟估计和时间比对中日边界不连续性的影响。使用从儒略日修正值（MJD）59028到59037的十天多全球导航卫星系统实验（MGEX）数据作为观测数据。为了进行对比分析，分别通过PPP和网络解算将测站时钟估计与全球定位系统（GPS）和伽利略观测进行比较。实验结果表明，当前GPS最终和快速组合时钟产品中的每日不连续性小于0.1纳秒，它们对PPP测站时钟估计和时间比对中日边界不连续性起源的影响在统计上可忽略不计。然而，个别分析中心（AC）的GPS产品中的每日不连续性更为广泛，它们对GPS PPP测站时钟估计中日边界不连续性起源的影响不可忽视。日边界不连续性表现出随机游走噪声特征，并会降低测站时钟的长期频率稳定性，尤其是在平均时间超过一天的情况下。尽管伽利略时钟的每日不连续性与GPS不同，但其对测站时钟估计中日边界不连续性的影响与GPS PPP几乎相似。伽利略时钟每日不连续性对PPP时间比对的影响与GPS相似，对时间比对并非特别关键。然而，应开发组合和加权的MGEX产品，或者使用伽利略精密单点定位（IPPP）进行高稳定性时钟的远程比对。

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