Ezugbe Elorm Obotey, Kweinor Tetteh Emmanuel, Rathilal Sudesh, Asante-Sackey Dennis, Amo-Duodu Gloria
Green Engineering and Sustainability Research Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and The Built Environment, Durban University of Technology, Durban 4001, South Africa.
Membranes (Basel). 2021 Feb 8;11(2):119. doi: 10.3390/membranes11020119.
Membrane technology has gained much ground in water and wastewater treatment over the past couple of decades. This is timely, as the world explores smart, eco-friendly, and cheap water and wastewater treatment technologies in its quest to make potable water and sanitation commonplace in all parts of the world. Against this background, this study investigated forward osmosis (FO) in the removal of salts (chlorides, sulphates, and carbonates) and organics (chemical oxygen demand (COD), turbidity, total suspended solids (TSS), and color) from a synthetic municipal wastewater (MWW), mimicking secondary-treated industrial wastewater, at very low feed and draw solution flow rates (0.16 and 0.14 L/min respectively), using 70 g/L NaCl solution as the draw solution. The results obtained showed an average of 97.67% rejection of SO and CO while Cl was found to enrich the feed solution (FS). An average removal of 88.92% was achieved for the organics. A permeation flux of 5.06 L/m.h was obtained. The kinetics of the ions transport was studied, and was found to fit the second-order kinetic model, with Pearson's R-values of 0.998 and 0.974 for Cl and CO respectively. The study proves FO as a potential technology to desalinate saline MWW.
在过去几十年里，膜技术在水和废水处理领域取得了很大进展。这很及时，因为世界正在探索智能、环保且廉价的水和废水处理技术，以求在全球各地普及饮用水和卫生设施。在此背景下，本研究考察了在极低的进料和汲取液流速（分别为0.16和0.14 L/min）下，采用70 g/L NaCl溶液作为汲取液，正向渗透（FO）对模拟二级处理工业废水的合成城市污水（MWW）中盐分（氯化物、硫酸盐和碳酸盐）和有机物（化学需氧量（COD）、浊度、总悬浮固体（TSS）和颜色）的去除效果。所得结果表明，SO和CO的平均截留率为97.67%，而Cl被发现会使进料溶液（FS）富集。有机物的平均去除率达到了88.92%。获得了5.06 L/m·h的渗透通量。研究了离子传输动力学，发现其符合二级动力学模型，Cl和CO的皮尔逊相关系数R值分别为0.998和0.974。该研究证明正向渗透是一种淡化含盐城市污水的潜在技术。
