Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, United States.
College of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Resource Management, University of Hawaii at Hilo, Hilo, Hawaii 96720, United States.
Environ Sci Technol. 2021 Mar 2;55(5):2960-2967. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.0c07082. Epub 2021 Feb 11.
Hurricanes and associated stormwater runoff events are expected to greatly impact coastal marine water quality, yet little is known about their immediate effects on microbiological quality of near-shore water. This study sampled Hilo Bay immediately after the impact of Hurricane Lane to understand the spatial and temporal variations of the abundance and diversity of fecal indicator enterococci, common fecal pathogens, and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Water samples from seven sampling sites over 7 days were collected and analyzed, which showed that the overall microbiological water quality parameters [enterococci geometric mean (GM): 6-22 cfu/100 mL] fell within water quality standards and that the temporal dynamics indicated continuing water quality recovery. However, considerable spatial variation was observed, with the most contaminated site exhibiting impaired water quality (GM = 144 cfu/100 mL). The population also showed distinct genotypic composition at the most contaminated site. Although marker genes for typical fecal pathogens ( for , for , for , and for enteropathogenic ) were not detected, various ARGs (, , , TEM, and 1) and integron-associated integrase 1 were detected at high levels. Understanding the temporal and spatial variation of microbiological water quality at fine granularity is important for balancing economic and recreational uses of coastal water and the protection of public health post the impact of major hurricane events.
飓风及相关暴雨水事件预计将对沿海水域的水质产生重大影响，但对于它们对近岸水域微生物质量的直接影响却知之甚少。本研究在飓风“拉尼娜”影响后立即对希洛湾进行了采样，以了解粪便指示性肠球菌、常见粪便病原体和抗生素耐药基因（ARGs）丰度和多样性的时空变化。在 7 天内，从 7 个采样点采集并分析了水样，结果表明，总体水质参数[肠球菌几何平均值（GM）：6-22 cfu/100 mL]符合水质标准，且时间动态表明水质持续恢复。然而，观察到相当大的空间变异，污染最严重的地点水质较差（GM = 144 cfu/100 mL）。种群在污染最严重的地点也表现出明显的基因型组成。虽然未检测到典型粪便病原体的标记基因（ for, for, for, and for enteropathogenic ），但在高浓度水平检测到各种 ARGs（,,, TEM 和 1）和整合酶 1。了解微生物水质在精细粒度上的时空变化，对于平衡沿海水域的经济和娱乐用途以及保护重大飓风事件后公众健康非常重要。
