Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea.
Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheonju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do 28116, Republic of Korea.
Phytomedicine. 2021 Feb;82:153407. doi: 10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153407. Epub 2020 Nov 5.
Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease in humans. Although Olea europaea leaf extract (OLE) and Spirodela polyrhiza extract (SPE) have been used to protect against skin damage, the effects of their combined administration on atopic dermatitis have yet to studied.
In this study, we evaluated the potential therapeutic effects of an OLE and SPE combination on the progression of atopic dermatitis and the possible mechanisms underlying these effects in 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (DNCB)-treated NC/Nga mice.
Atopic dermatitis was induced by topical application of 0.2% w/v DNCB prepared in an olive oil:acetone solution (1:3), and thereafter OLE, SPE and OLE + SPE were administered orally for 5 weeks. We determined atopic dermatitis symptoms, serum IgE levels, and levels of cytokine- and gene expression in the dorsal skin and splenocytes, and performed histological and immune cell subtype analyses. The expression of skin barrier-related proteins (filaggrin, sirtuin 1, and claudin 1) was also evaluated.
The OLE + SPE combination significantly ameliorated atopic dermatitis symptoms, including dermatitis scores, and reduced epidermal thickness and infiltration of different inflammatory cells in mice with DNCB-induced atopic dermatitis. It also significantly reduced the number of CD4, CD8, and CD4/CD69 T cells; immunoglobulin E-producing B cells (CD23/B220) in the axillary lymph nodes; CD3 T-cell eosinophils (chemokine-chemokine receptor 3/CD11b) in the skin; and CD3 T cells, immunoglobulin E-producing B cells (CD23/B220), and eosinophils in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Additionally, the experimental combination lowered levels of serum immunoglobulin E and histamine, as well as Th2-mediated cytokines, and interleukin-4, -5, and -13, whereas it increased the levels of Th1-mediated cytokine interferon-γ in splenocytes. Furthermore, the preparation significantly restored expression of the skin barrier-related proteins filaggrin, sirtuin 1, and claudin 1, and also reduced the expression of the inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 and chemokine-chemokine receptor 3, as well as the pruritus-related cytokine interleukin-31 and interleukin-31 receptor, in atopic dermatitis skin lesions.
Taken together, our findings indicate that administration of a combination of OLE and SPE can alleviate atopic dermatitis symptoms by regulating immune balance and skin barrier function and may be an effective therapeutic option for the treatment of atopic dermatitis.
特应性皮炎是一种人类慢性炎症性皮肤病。虽然油橄榄叶提取物（OLE）和螺旋藻提取物（SPE）已被用于预防皮肤损伤，但它们联合给药对特应性皮炎的影响尚未研究。
本研究评估了 OLE 和 SPE 联合治疗对 1-氯-2,4-二硝基苯（DNCB）处理的 NC/Nga 小鼠特应性皮炎进展的潜在治疗作用及其可能的作用机制。
通过在橄榄油：丙酮溶液（1:3）中制备 0.2%w/v DNCB 来诱导特应性皮炎，此后通过口服给予 OLE、SPE 和 OLE+SPE 共 5 周。我们确定了特应性皮炎症状、血清 IgE 水平以及背部皮肤和脾细胞中细胞因子和基因表达水平，并进行了组织学和免疫细胞亚型分析。还评估了皮肤屏障相关蛋白（角蛋白 10、丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶 1 和紧密连接蛋白 1）的表达。
OLE+SPE 联合治疗显著改善了 DNCB 诱导的特应性皮炎小鼠的特应性皮炎症状，包括皮炎评分，并降低了表皮厚度和不同炎症细胞的浸润。它还显著减少了 CD4、CD8 和 CD4/CD69 T 细胞；腋窝淋巴结中产生免疫球蛋白 E 的 B 细胞（CD23/B220）；皮肤中的 CD3 T 细胞嗜酸性粒细胞（趋化因子-趋化因子受体 3/CD11b）；以及外周血单个核细胞中的 CD3 T 细胞、产生免疫球蛋白 E 的 B 细胞（CD23/B220）和嗜酸性粒细胞。此外，该实验组合降低了血清免疫球蛋白 E 和组胺以及 Th2 介导的细胞因子白细胞介素-4、-5 和 -13 的水平，同时增加了 Th1 介导的细胞因子干扰素-γ在脾细胞中的水平。此外，该制剂还显著恢复了皮肤屏障相关蛋白角蛋白 10、丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶 1 和紧密连接蛋白 1 的表达，并降低了特应性皮炎皮肤病变中炎症细胞因子白细胞介素-6 和趋化因子-趋化因子受体 3 以及瘙痒相关细胞因子白细胞介素-31 和白细胞介素-31 受体的表达。
综上所述，我们的研究结果表明，OLE 和 SPE 的联合给药可以通过调节免疫平衡和皮肤屏障功能来缓解特应性皮炎症状，并且可能是治疗特应性皮炎的有效治疗选择。
