Medical Nursing Department, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea.
Infection Control Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Jan 30;18(3):1239. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18031239.
The purpose of this study was to identify the risk factors of serious fall-related injuries by analyzing the differences between two fall groups: one with serious fall-related injuries and one without such injuries. Applying a retrospective, descriptive investigation study design, we analyzed the degree of fall-related injury and the risk factors related to serious falls by conducting a complete survey of the medical records of fall patients reported throughout one full year, 2017, at a tertiary hospital in Seoul, Korea. Among the patients with reported falls, 188 sustained no injury (63.1%), 72 sustained minor injury (24.2%), and 38 patients sustained serious injury (12.8%). The serious fall-related injuries included eight lacerations requiring suture (2.7%), 23 fractures (7.7%), five brain injuries (1.7%), and two deaths (0.7%). Analysis results indicated that taking anticoagulants/antiplatelet drugs ( = 0.016) and having a fall history ( = 0.038) were statistically significant in the differences between the group with serious injury related to falls and the group without serious injury. Logistic regression revealed that taking anticoagulant/antiplatelet drugs was the factor most significantly correlated with serious injuries related to falls (OR = 2.299, = 0.022). Results show that it is necessary to develop a patient-tailored fall prevention activity program.
本研究旨在通过分析两组跌倒患者（一组有严重跌倒相关伤害，另一组无严重跌倒相关伤害）之间的差异，确定严重跌倒相关伤害的危险因素。本研究采用回顾性描述性调查研究设计，对韩国首尔一家三级医院 2017 年全年报告的跌倒患者的病历进行了全面调查，分析了跌倒相关伤害的程度和与严重跌倒相关的危险因素。在报告跌倒的患者中，188 例无伤害（63.1%），72 例轻微伤害（24.2%），38 例严重伤害（12.8%）。严重跌倒相关伤害包括 8 例需要缝合的撕裂伤（2.7%）、23 例骨折（7.7%）、5 例脑损伤（1.7%）和 2 例死亡（0.7%）。分析结果表明，服用抗凝/抗血小板药物（ = 0.016）和有跌倒史（ = 0.038）在与严重跌倒相关的伤害组和无严重跌倒相关伤害组之间存在统计学差异。逻辑回归显示，服用抗凝/抗血小板药物是与严重跌倒相关伤害最显著相关的因素（OR = 2.299， = 0.022）。结果表明，有必要制定针对患者的跌倒预防活动计划。
