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用于无人驾驶交通管理的传感器与通信仿真

Sensors and Communication Simulation for Unmanned Traffic Management.

作者信息

Carramiñana David, Campaña Iván, Bergesio Luca, Bernardos Ana M, Besada Juan A

机构信息

Information Processing and Telecommunications Center, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.

出版信息

Sensors (Basel). 2021 Jan 30;21(3):927. doi: 10.3390/s21030927.

DOI:10.3390/s21030927
PMID:33573192
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7866552/
Abstract

Unmanned traffic management (UTM) systems will become a key enabler to the future drone market ecosystem, enabling the safe concurrent operation of both manned and unmanned aircrafts. Currently, these systems are usually tested by performing real scenarios that are costly, limited, hardly scalable, and poorly repeatable. As a solution, in this paper we propose an agent-based simulation platform, implemented through a micro service architecture, which may simulate UTM information sources, such as flight plans, telemetry messages, or tracks from a surveillance network. The final objective of this simulator is to use these information streams to perform a system-level evaluation of UTM systems both in the pre-flight and in-flight stages. The proposed platform, with a focus on simulation of communications and sensors, allows to model UTM actors' behaviors and their interactions. In addition, it also considers the manual definition of events to simulate unexpected behaviors/events (contingencies), such as communications failures or pilots' actions. In order to validate our architecture, we implemented a simulator that considers the following actors: drones, pilots, ground control stations, surveillance networks, and communications networks. This platform enables the simulation of the drone trajectory and control, the C2 (command and control) link, drone detection by surveillance sensors, and the communication of all agents by means of a mobile communications network. Our results show that it is possible to truthfully recreate complex scenarios using this simulator, mitigating the disadvantages of real testbeds.

摘要

无人驾驶交通管理（UTM）系统将成为未来无人机市场生态系统的关键推动因素，使有人驾驶和无人驾驶飞机能够安全并行运行。目前，这些系统通常通过执行实际场景进行测试，这些场景成本高昂、受限、难以扩展且可重复性差。作为一种解决方案，在本文中，我们提出了一个基于代理的模拟平台，通过微服务架构实现，该平台可以模拟UTM信息源，如飞行计划、遥测消息或来自监控网络的轨迹。这个模拟器的最终目标是利用这些信息流在飞行前和飞行中阶段对UTM系统进行系统级评估。所提出的平台专注于通信和传感器的模拟，能够对UTM参与者的行为及其交互进行建模。此外，它还考虑手动定义事件以模拟意外行为/事件（突发事件），如通信故障或飞行员的操作。为了验证我们的架构，我们实现了一个模拟器，其中考虑了以下参与者：无人机、飞行员、地面控制站、监控网络和通信网络。这个平台能够模拟无人机轨迹和控制、C2（指挥与控制）链路、监控传感器对无人机的检测以及所有代理通过移动通信网络进行的通信。我们的结果表明，使用这个模拟器可以真实地重现复杂场景，减轻实际测试平台的缺点。

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