Civil Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah, West Bengal, India.
Civil Engineering Department, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng. 2021;56(4):394-412. doi: 10.1080/10934529.2021.1884468. Epub 2021 Feb 11.
One of the complex environmental problems that triggers at present is oily wastewater contamination arising out of the activities related to engineering vehicular (automobile) workshop or garage, kitchens in houses and restaurants, gas stations, metal finishing house, petrochemical industry, edible oil production unit etc. Oily wastewater discharge is a major issue of environmental pollution in the present decade as some of its constituents are hazardous in nature. Hence, appropriate treatment technology for oily wastewater needs to be addressed. Biological treatment (BT) technique would be the best option in this regard, because it has multiple advantages over various other techniques as available today. BT degrades effectively the harmful constituents of oily wastewater into innocuous products that are environment friendly and it is considered to be the economical method. The resulting effluent of pretreatment followed by biological treatment of oily wastewater can be reused after conforming discharge limits. Again, numerous research works in these days have optimized the function and result of existing laboratory and pilot scale treatment technologies. This review paper describes a comprehensive understanding of the origin and characteristics, existing techniques in laboratory and pilot scale, screening of different methods, justification for advocating biological methods for treatment of oily wastewater.
目前引发的复杂环境问题之一是与工程车辆（汽车）车间或车库、住宅和餐馆厨房、加油站、金属精整厂、石化行业、食用油生产单位等相关活动产生的含油废水污染。含油废水的排放是当前十年环境污染的一个主要问题，因为其中一些成分具有危害性。因此，需要解决含油废水的适当处理技术。在这方面，生物处理 (BT) 技术将是最佳选择，因为它相对于目前可用的各种其他技术具有多个优势。BT 可以有效地将含油废水中的有害物质降解为无害产品，对环境友好，被认为是一种经济的方法。经过预处理和生物处理后的含油废水的出水可以在符合排放标准后再利用。此外，如今的大量研究工作已经优化了现有实验室和中试规模处理技术的功能和结果。本文综述描述了对含油废水来源和特性、实验室和中试规模现有技术、不同方法筛选的全面理解，以及提倡生物方法处理含油废水的理由。
