Suppr
超能文献

通过遗传选择可以降低牛肉生产的需水量。

Water requirements of beef production can be reduced by genetic selection.

机构信息

Animal Science Graduate Program, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Sen. Filinto Müller Av., 2443, 79070-900, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil.

Animal Science Graduate Program, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Sen. Filinto Müller Av., 2443, 79070-900, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil; Embrapa Beef Cattle, Rádio Maia Av., 830, 70106-550 Campo Grande, MS, Brazil.

出版信息

Animal. 2021 Mar;15(3):100142. doi: 10.1016/j.animal.2020.100142. Epub 2020 Dec 23.

DOI:10.1016/j.animal.2020.100142

PMID:33573956

Abstract

Growing concerns regarding sustainability in agriculture include the availability of drinking water, which is putting pressure on livestock production, especially the beef sector, for more efficient practices. Thus, genetic parameters were estimated for traits related to water intake and water use efficiency in Senepol cattle. Senepol females (n = 925) and males (n = 191) were evaluated in performance tests carried out from 2014 to 2019. Daily dry matter intake (DMI) and water intake (WI) were recorded by electronic feed and water bunks (Intergado Ltd.). Other traits assessed included average daily gain (ADG); mid-test metabolic BW (BW); residual water intake based on ADG (RWI), estimated as the residual of the linear regression equation of WI on ADG and BW; residual water intake based on DMI (RWI), estimated as the residual of the linear regression equation of WI on DMI and BW (RWI); water conversion ratio (= WI/ADG); gross water efficiency (GWE = ADG/WI); residual feed intake estimated as the residual of the linear regression equation of DMI on ADG and BW (RFI); feed conversion ratio (= DMI/ADG) and gross feed efficiency. Genetic (co)variances were estimated with bivariate analyses. The heritabilities for WI, RWI and RWI were 0.38, 0.36 and 0.33, respectively. Water conversion ratio, RWI and RWI showed positive genetic and phenotypic correlations with WI, whereas GWE was negatively correlated with WI, suggesting that traits related to water use efficiency may be useful to identify cattle with reduced WI. Water intake showed positive genetic (r = 0.79) and phenotypic (r = 0.60) correlations with DMI, suggesting the use of WI to estimate DMI in future studies. Both RWI and RWI were genetically correlated with RFI (0.67 and 0.57, respectively) and ADG (0.49 and 0.44, respectively), showing that RWI is positively associated with feed efficiency, but has an antagonistic relationship with growth. This antagonism, however, may be managed using selection indexes. Genetic improvement of water use efficiency in Senepol cattle is possible through selection and may reduce the water requirements of beef production systems.

摘要

农业可持续性日益受到关注，其中包括饮用水的供应问题，这给牲畜生产带来了压力，尤其是对牛肉行业。因此，对塞内加尔牛的饮水和用水效率相关性状进行了遗传参数估计。2014 年至 2019 年期间，对 925 头塞内加尔母牛和 191 头公牛进行了生产性能测试。电子饲料和水槽（Intergado Ltd.）记录了每日干物质采食量（DMI）和水采食量（WI）。评估的其他性状包括平均日增重（ADG）；中期测试代谢体重（BW）；基于 ADG 的剩余水采食量（RWI），通过 WI 对 ADG 和 BW 的线性回归方程的残差来估计；基于 DMI 的剩余水采食量（RWI），通过 WI 对 DMI 和 BW 的线性回归方程的残差来估计；水转化率（= WI/ADG）；总水效率（GWE = ADG/WI）；通过 DMI 对 ADG 和 BW 的线性回归方程的残差估计的剩余饲料摄入量（RFI）；饲料转化率（= DMI/ADG）和总饲料效率。使用双变量分析估计遗传（协）方差。WI、RWI 和 RWI 的遗传力分别为 0.38、0.36 和 0.33。水转化率、RWI 和 RWI 与 WI 呈正遗传和表型相关，而 GWE 与 WI 呈负相关，表明与水利用效率相关的性状可能有助于识别采食量较低的牛。水采食量与 DMI 具有正遗传（r=0.79）和表型（r=0.60）相关性，表明未来研究中可使用 WI 来估计 DMI。RWI 和 RWI 与 RFI（分别为 0.67 和 0.57）和 ADG（分别为 0.49 和 0.44）均具有遗传相关性，表明 RWI 与饲料效率呈正相关，但与生长呈拮抗关系。然而，这种拮抗作用可以通过选择指数来管理。通过选择，塞内加尔牛的用水效率可以得到遗传改良，从而减少牛肉生产系统的用水需求。