Skibinska Milena, Zurawska-Klis Monika, Krekora Michal, Cypryk Katarzyna
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Lodz, Poland.
Department of Internal Diseases and Diabetology, Central Clinical Hospital of The Medical University, Lodz, Poland, Poland.
Ginekol Pol. 2021;92(1):46-50. doi: 10.5603/GP.a2020.0149.
The main mechanism of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is insulin resistance, therefore using metformin as a medicine reducing insulin resistance appears to be promising. Currently, the majority of medical associations do not recommend using metformin during pregnancy as the first-line of therapy when the diet regimen is insufficient for glycaemic control. However, they do allow its administration if there is no possibility of insulin treatment. There is some evidence which suggests that using metformin during pregnancy is not related to an increased risk of obstetric complications during delivery and that its influence on the foetus can be beneficial. Since metformin crosses the placenta, the major argument for cautious use of this drug are the potential long-term effects of the treatment for the child and its development in later life. In this article, the authors attempt to discuss the use of metformin during pregnancy and the safety of the treatment in the light of current studies and recommendations.
妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）的主要机制是胰岛素抵抗，因此使用二甲双胍这种降低胰岛素抵抗的药物似乎很有前景。目前，大多数医学协会不建议在饮食疗法不足以控制血糖时，将二甲双胍作为孕期一线治疗药物。然而，如果无法进行胰岛素治疗，他们允许使用二甲双胍。有一些证据表明，孕期使用二甲双胍与分娩时产科并发症风险增加无关，而且其对胎儿的影响可能是有益的。由于二甲双胍可穿过胎盘，谨慎使用该药的主要理由是该治疗方法对儿童及其后期发育的潜在长期影响。在本文中，作者试图根据当前的研究和建议，探讨孕期二甲双胍的使用及其治疗安全性。
