College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; College of Biomass Sciences and Engineering/College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100093, China.
College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
J Hazard Mater. 2021 Jul 5;413:125303. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125303. Epub 2021 Feb 3.
Tobacco is a super-enriched plant for heavy metals, and its productivity is sensitively affected by Cd. In this study, tobacco stalk was converted to biochar (TS-biochar) for the sequestration of Cd in soils to enhance the productivity of tobacco. FTIR, SEM-EDX, and XPS characterizations of TS-biochar together with Cd adsorption kinetics revealed that oxy-containing functional groups (‒OH, C˭O, and ‒COOH) in TS-biochar played a crucial role on Cd adsorption. The changes of soil property and Cd speciation by adding TS-biochar in red (acidic) and cinnamon (alkaline) soils was evaluated. Effects of TS-biochar on tobacco growth and development under Cd stress was also investigated. Results indicated that a 2 wt% addition of TS-biochar in red soil could significantly increase the soil pH value (from 5.21 to 7.39) and reduce exchangeable Cd fractions (from 40% to 23%), but those were not obvious in cinnamon soil. Under the stress of Cd, TS-biochar could obviously improve the tobacco dry biomass, and decrease the accumulation of Cd in the middle and upper leaves, thus reducing economic loss. Overall, the application of TS-biochar on Cd contaminated soil can transform bioavailable Cd into low hazardous forms, so as to repair soils and improve the productivity of tobacco.
烟草是重金属的超富集植物，其生产力对 Cd 敏感。本研究将烟草茎转化为生物炭（TS-生物炭），以固定土壤中的 Cd，从而提高烟草的生产力。通过对 TS-生物炭进行傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）、扫描电子显微镜-能谱（SEM-EDX）和 X 射线光电子能谱（XPS）分析，以及 Cd 吸附动力学研究，表明 TS-生物炭中的含氧官能团（‒OH、C˭O 和‒COOH）在 Cd 吸附中起关键作用。还评估了在红（酸性）和肉桂（碱性）土壤中添加 TS-生物炭对土壤性质和 Cd 形态变化的影响，以及在 Cd 胁迫下 TS-生物炭对烟草生长发育的影响。结果表明，在红壤中添加 2wt%的 TS-生物炭可显著提高土壤 pH 值（从 5.21 增加到 7.39），降低可交换态 Cd 含量（从 40%降低到 23%），但在肉桂土中则不明显。在 Cd 胁迫下，TS-生物炭能明显提高烟草干生物量，减少中上部叶片 Cd 的积累，从而降低经济损失。总的来说，在 Cd 污染土壤中应用 TS-生物炭可以将生物可利用的 Cd 转化为低危害形态，从而修复土壤并提高烟草的生产力。
