Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Department of Banking and Finance, European University of Lefke, Northern Cyprus, TR-10, Mersin, Lefke, Turkey.
Faculty of Economics and Administrative Science, Department of Business Administration, Cyprus International University, Northern Cyprus, TR-10, Mersin, Nicosia, Turkey.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2021 Jun;28(23):30139-30152. doi: 10.1007/s11356-021-12692-5. Epub 2021 Feb 13.
The present study explores the effect of renewable energy consumption and public-private partnership investment in energy on consumption-based carbon dioxide emissions for India from 1990Q1 and 2015Q4 whilst controlling technology innovation and economic growth. The study employs the Maki cointegration, Bayer-Hanck cointegration, fully modified ordinary least squares, dynamic ordinary least squares, and frequency-domain causality tests to explore these dynamics. The outcomes of the present study reveal that (i) there is a long-run cointegration equation between consumption-based carbon dioxide emissions and its possible determinants; (ii) whilst renewable energy consumption is beneficial for lowering consumption-based carbon dioxide emissions, public-private partnership investment in energy makes a positive contribution to consumption-based carbon dioxide emissions in the long-run; and (iii) public-private partnership investment in energy and renewable energy consumption also significantly causes consumption-based carbon dioxide emissions at different frequency levels in India. The present study recommends that policymakers in India should apply a series of policies to discourage the use of non-renewable energy and raise the share of renewable energy in order to reduce consumption-based carbon dioxide emissions in the country. The present study also recommends that public-private partnership investment in renewable energy should increase to achieve cleaner production processes.
本研究探讨了 1990 年第一季度至 2015 年第四季度期间，印度可再生能源消费和能源领域公私合作投资对基于消费的二氧化碳排放的影响，同时控制了技术创新和经济增长。本研究采用 Maki 协整、Bayer-Hanck 协整、完全修正最小二乘法、动态最小二乘法和频域因果检验来探讨这些动态。本研究的结果表明：（i）基于消费的二氧化碳排放及其可能的决定因素之间存在长期协整方程；（ii）虽然可再生能源消费有利于降低基于消费的二氧化碳排放，但能源领域的公私合作投资从长期来看对基于消费的二氧化碳排放有积极贡献；（iii）能源领域的公私合作投资和可再生能源消费也在印度的不同频率水平上显著导致基于消费的二氧化碳排放。本研究建议印度的政策制定者应采取一系列政策来抑制非可再生能源的使用，提高可再生能源的份额，以减少该国的基于消费的二氧化碳排放。本研究还建议增加可再生能源领域的公私合作投资，以实现更清洁的生产过程。
