Multifunctional hydrogel with outstanding conductivity and mechanical flexibility has received enormous attention as wearable electronic devices. However, fabricating transparent, ultrastretchable, and biocompatible hydrogel with low-temperature stability still remains a tremendous challenge. In this study, an ultrastretchable, highly transparent, and antifreezing zwitterionic-based electronic sensor is developed by introducing zwitterionic proline (ZP) into gellan gum/polyacrylamide (GG/PAAm) double network (DN) hydrogel. The existence of ZP endows the hydrogel with remarkable frost resistance. The toughness and transparency of zwitterionic Ca-GG/PAAm-ZP DN hydrogel can be maintained down to -40 °C. Also, the zwitterionic hydrogel shows good biocompatibility and protein adsorption resistance. The zwitterionic Ca-GG/PAAm-ZP DN hydrogel-based strain sensor can accurately monitor human motions (such as speaking and various joint bendings) under a broad temperature range from -40 to 25 °C. The zwitterionic Ca-GG/PAAm-ZP DN hydrogel-based strain sensor will be of immense value in the field of wearable electronic devices, especially for extreme environment applications.