Kelly S J, Goodlett C R, Hulsether S A, West J R
Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City 52242.
Behav Brain Res. 1988 Mar;27(3):247-57. doi: 10.1016/0166-4328(88)90121-0.
Two groups of male and female rats were given the same dose of alcohol using an artificial rearing procedure on postnatal days 4-10. One group received the alcohol in a condensed manner each day which caused cyclic blood alcohol concentrations (BACs) with high peaks. A second group received the alcohol in a uniform manner over each day which resulted in moderate, stable BACs. Two control groups consisted of male and female rats artificially reared but not exposed to alcohol and rats reared normally by dams. All rats were raised to 90 days of age and then tested for spatial navigation ability in the Morris water maze, which involved locating a hidden underwater platform using distal extramaze cues. Neither the alcohol treatments nor the artificial rearing had any effects on performance of adult male rats relative to suckle controls in this task. In contrast, the condensed alcohol exposure but not the uniform alcohol exposure resulted in detrimental performance in the Morris water maze by adult female rats. When the ability to locate and escape onto a visible platform was examined, there were no differences between the female groups given condensed alcohol exposure or artificially reared on milk solution alone. Thus, exposure to high BACs during the brain growth spurt has a lasting and selective detrimental effect on spatial navigation learning in adult female but not adult male rats.
在出生后第4至10天，使用人工饲养程序给两组雄性和雌性大鼠给予相同剂量的酒精。一组每天以浓缩方式给予酒精，这导致循环血液酒精浓度（BACs）出现高峰。第二组每天以均匀方式给予酒精，导致中等、稳定的BACs。两个对照组分别由人工饲养但未接触酒精的雄性和雌性大鼠以及由母鼠正常饲养的大鼠组成。所有大鼠饲养至90日龄，然后在莫里斯水迷宫中测试空间导航能力，该测试涉及使用远端迷宫线索定位隐藏在水下的平台。在这项任务中，相对于哺乳对照组，酒精处理和人工饲养对成年雄性大鼠的表现均无任何影响。相比之下，成年雌性大鼠在莫里斯水迷宫中的表现受到浓缩酒精暴露的不利影响，但均匀酒精暴露则没有。当检查定位并逃到可见平台的能力时，接受浓缩酒精暴露或仅以乳汁溶液人工饲养的雌性组之间没有差异。因此，在脑发育激增期间暴露于高BACs对成年雌性大鼠的空间导航学习有持久且选择性的不利影响，而对成年雄性大鼠则没有。
