22 种伊朗特有或珍稀植物提取物对耐多药和广泛耐药结核分枝杆菌的抗结核活性
Anti-mycobacterial Activity of 22 Iranian Endemic or Rare Plant Extracts Against Multi-drug and Extensively Drug-resistant .
机构信息
Student Research Committee, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
出版信息
Comb Chem High Throughput Screen. 2022;25(5):870-876. doi: 10.2174/1386207324666210215100931.
BACKGROUND
Due to side-effects and low efficacy of common drugs on new resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), investigation on novel drugs and natural compounds from rich sources of endemic plants is required. Thus, in the present study, the anti-mycobacterial effects of 22 Iranian endemic or rare plant extracts on multi-drug resistance (MDR) and extensively-drug resistance (XDR) Mtb isolates were evaluated.
METHODS
Twenty-two Iranian endemic and rare plant species from 9 families were collected and extracted by methanol. Their inhibitory-effects were then evaluated against Mtb H37Rv strain, seven clinical MDR-TB, and two XDR-TB isolates using the resazurin microtiter assay (REMA) method. The best of them were then fractionalized by five different polar solvents (Petroleum- Ether, Dichloromethane, Ethyl-Acetate, n-butanol, and water). To find anti-mycobacterial fractions, the inhibitory effect of isolated fractions was tested on Mtb H37Rv.
RESULTS
Out of the 22 plants, 14 plant extracts demonstrated anti-mycobacterial activity with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranging from 4 to 30μg/mL against Mtb H37Rv. Eight plant extracts also exhibited anti-mycobacterial activity against MDR and XDR clinical strains of Mtb by MICs, i.e., 15-60μg/ml. Crinitaria grimmii and Linum album were the best antimycobacterial plants. Among fractions of Crinitaria grimmii, dichloromethane and n-butanol, and for Linum album, dichloromethane and Ethyl-Acetate fractions displayed more anti-mycobacterial effect as compared to crude extract on Mtb.
CONCLUSION
The present study confirms the potential role of some plants to treat respiratory diseases as our results have demonstrated that these plants exhibit anti-mycobacterial activity in the acceptable range against Mtb. Thus, these plants could be good sources and alternatives of plant metabolites for anti-TB-drug development.
背景
由于普通药物对新出现的耐多药结核分枝杆菌（Mtb）菌株的副作用和低疗效，需要对新型药物和来自地方性植物丰富来源的天然化合物进行研究。因此，在本研究中，评估了 22 种伊朗地方性或稀有植物提取物对多药耐药（MDR）和广泛耐药（XDR）Mtb 分离株的抗分枝杆菌作用。
方法
从 9 个科中收集了 22 种伊朗地方性和稀有植物物种，并使用甲醇进行提取。然后使用 Resazurin 微量测定（REMA）法评估它们对 Mtb H37Rv 株、7 株临床 MDR-TB 和 2 株 XDR-TB 分离株的抑制作用。然后，将其中最好的提取物用五种不同极性溶剂（石油醚、二氯甲烷、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇和水）进行分段。为了找到抗分枝杆菌的馏分，测试了分离的馏分对 Mtb H37Rv 的抑制作用。
结果
在 22 种植物中，有 14 种植物提取物对 Mtb H37Rv 表现出抗分枝杆菌活性，最小抑菌浓度（MIC）范围为 4 至 30μg/ml。8 种植物提取物对 MDR 和 XDR 临床 Mtb 株也表现出抗分枝杆菌活性，MIC 为 15-60μg/ml。Crinitaria grimmii 和 Linum album 是最好的抗分枝杆菌植物。在 Crinitaria grimmii 的馏分中，二氯甲烷和正丁醇以及 Linum album 的二氯甲烷和乙酸乙酯馏分显示出比粗提取物对 Mtb 更强的抗分枝杆菌作用。
结论
本研究证实了一些植物在治疗呼吸道疾病方面的潜在作用，因为我们的结果表明，这些植物对 Mtb 表现出在可接受范围内的抗分枝杆菌活性。因此，这些植物可能是抗结核药物开发的植物代谢物的良好来源和替代品。
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