Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA; Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA.
Trends Parasitol. 2021 Jul;37(7):651-663. doi: 10.1016/j.pt.2021.01.008. Epub 2021 Feb 13.
Plasmodium sporozoites exhibit a complex infection biology in the mosquito and mammalian hosts. The sporozoite apical secretory organelles, the micronemes and rhoptries, store protein mediators of parasite/host/vector interactions and must secrete them in a temporally and spatially well orchestrated manner. Micronemal proteins are critical for sporozoite motility throughout its journey from the mosquito midgut oocyst to the mammalian liver, and also for cell traversal (CT) and hepatocyte invasion. Rhoptry proteins, until recently thought to be only important for hepatocyte invasion, appear to also play an unexpected role in motility and in the interaction with mosquito tissue. Therefore, navigating the different microenvironments with secretion likely requires the sporozoite to have a more complex system of secretory organelles than previously appreciated.
疟原虫孢子虫在蚊子和哺乳动物宿主中表现出复杂的感染生物学。孢子虫顶端分泌细胞器，微线体和棒状体，储存寄生虫/宿主/媒介相互作用的蛋白介质，必须以时空协调的方式分泌它们。微线体蛋白对于孢子虫从蚊子中肠卵囊到哺乳动物肝脏的整个运动过程至关重要，对于细胞穿透（CT）和肝细胞入侵也是如此。直到最近，棒状体蛋白被认为仅对肝细胞入侵很重要，但它们似乎在运动和与蚊子组织的相互作用中也发挥了意想不到的作用。因此，与分泌作用相关，孢子虫可能需要比以前认为的更复杂的分泌细胞器系统来在不同的微环境中导航。
