Institute of Neurosciences Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMR 9197, Université Paris-Sud, Orsay, Bât. 446, Rue Claude Bernard, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France; Grupo Ecología y Evolución De Vertebrados, Instituto De Biología, Facultad De Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad De Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellin, Colombia; Fundaciòn Macuáticos, Colombia.
Institute of Neurosciences Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMR 9197, Université Paris-Sud, Orsay, Bât. 446, Rue Claude Bernard, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France; Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Jean Le Rond d'Alembert, UMR 7190, F-75005, Paris, France.
Behav Processes. 2021 Apr;185:104357. doi: 10.1016/j.beproc.2021.104357. Epub 2021 Feb 13.
Synchronous behaviours occur when two or more animals display the same behaviour at the same time. However, the mechanisms underlying this synchrony are not well understood. In this study, we carried out an experiment to determine whether or not Bottlenose dolphins use acoustic cues when performing a known synchronised exercise. For this, we recorded three dolphins while they performed requested aerial jumps both individually or synchronously in pairs, with a hydrophone array and a 360° underwater video camera allowing the identification of the subject emitting vocalisations. Results indicated that in pairs, dolphins synchronised their jumps 100% of the time. Whether they jumped alone or in pairs, they produced click trains before and after 92% of jumps. No whistles or burst-pulsed sounds were emitted by the animals during the exercise. The acoustic localisation process allowed the successful identification of the vocalising subject in 19.8% of all cases (N = 141). Our study showed that in all (n = 28) but one successful localisations, the click trains were produced by the same individual. It is worth noting that this individual was the oldest female of the group. This paper provides evidence suggesting that during synchronous behaviours, dolphins use acoustic cues, and more particularly click trains, to coordinate their movements; possibly by eavesdropping on the clicks or echoes produced by one individual leading the navigation.
当两个或多个动物同时表现出相同的行为时，就会出现同步行为。然而，这种同步背后的机制还不是很清楚。在这项研究中，我们进行了一项实验，以确定宽吻海豚在进行已知的同步运动时是否使用声学线索。为此，我们使用水听器阵列和 360°水下摄像机记录了三只海豚的个体或成对的请求性空中跳跃，这使得可以识别发出声音的对象。结果表明，在成对的情况下，海豚 100%同步跳跃。无论是单独跳跃还是成对跳跃，它们在 92%的跳跃之前和之后都会产生点击声。在运动过程中，动物没有发出口哨声或爆发式脉冲声。在 19.8%的情况下（N=141），声学定位过程成功识别了发声的对象。我们的研究表明，在所有（n=28）但一次成功的定位中，点击声都是由同一个个体产生的。值得注意的是，这个个体是群体中最年长的雌性。本文提供的证据表明，在同步行为中，海豚使用声学线索，特别是点击声，来协调它们的动作；可能是通过偷听一个个体的导航产生的点击或回声。
