Benacer D, Thong K L, Ooi P T, Souris M, Lewis J W, Ahmed A A, Mohd Zain S N
Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia.
Trop Biomed. 2017 Mar 1;34(1):89-97.
Leptospirosis is endemic in Malaysia with Leptospira species extensively isolated from domestic and wild animals. Rats were found to be the principal maintenance hosts followed by cattle, pigs, and dogs. The objectives of this study were to isolate and identify Leptospira serovars circulating among swine from three different farms and also from stray dogs and cats from Klang valley, Selangor, Malaysia. Urine and kidney samples collected from 150 stray dogs, 50 cats and 81 swine were inoculated into semi-solid Ellinghausen McCullough Johnson and Harris (EMJH) media supplemented with additional 5-Fluorouracil. Dark field microscopy revealed only one positive culture of Leptospira from dog and swine samples, but all cat samples were negative. The PCR technique using published primers detected 11 positives in urine samples of dogs and 5 positives from swine. The microscopic agglutination test (MAT) confirmed the presence of two serovars in both dog and swine populations namely, L. interrogans serovar Canicola and L. interrogans serovar Pomona (MAT > 100), with Not I-PFGE analyses separating these two serovars into distinct profiles. Despite the low prevalence in stray dogs, the latter may play an important role in the contamination of the environment. Swine can also pose a potential risk of infection to humans and other domestic animals, especially those living close to swine farms. Thus improving hygiene and eradication of rodents in swine farms are likely to reduce the risk of infection.
钩端螺旋体病在马来西亚呈地方性流行，从家畜和野生动物中广泛分离出钩端螺旋体属菌种。研究发现，大鼠是主要的保菌宿主，其次是牛、猪和狗。本研究的目的是分离和鉴定在马来西亚雪兰莪巴生谷的三个不同农场的猪以及流浪狗和猫中传播的钩端螺旋体血清型。从150只流浪狗、50只猫和81头猪采集的尿液和肾脏样本接种到添加了额外5-氟尿嘧啶的半固体埃林豪森-麦卡洛-约翰逊-哈里斯（EMJH）培养基中。暗视野显微镜检查仅在狗和猪的样本中发现了1株钩端螺旋体阳性培养物，但所有猫的样本均为阴性。使用已发表引物的PCR技术在狗的尿液样本中检测到11个阳性，在猪的样本中检测到5个阳性。显微镜凝集试验（MAT）证实狗和猪群体中均存在两种血清型，即问号钩端螺旋体犬型血清型和问号钩端螺旋体波摩那型血清型（MAT>100），Not I-PFGE分析将这两种血清型分为不同的图谱。尽管流浪狗中的患病率较低，但后者可能在环境污染中起重要作用。猪也可能对人类和其他家畜构成潜在的感染风险，尤其是那些居住在养猪场附近的人。因此，改善养猪场的卫生条件和灭鼠可能会降低感染风险。
