Danielsen N, Müller H, Pettmann B, Williams L R, Davis G E, Engvall E, Manthorpe M, Varon S
Department of Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla 92093.
Brain Res. 1988 Mar 1;467(1):39-50. doi: 10.1016/0165-3806(88)90065-x.
An extracellular matrix preparation, the human amnion membrane matrix (hAMM) can serve as a neurite-promoting substratum for cultured peripheral and central neurons, and also as a support for axonal growth in experimentally injured adult brain in vivo. In the present study, we tested similar materials as bridges in a silicone chamber model for the regeneration of sciatic nerve in the adult rat. Since hAMM elicited an inflammatory response, we developed a rat amnion membrane matrix (rAMM), which proved to be an excellent neurite-promoting substratum for cultured ganglionic and spinal cord neurons. The rAMM was coiled and inserted in the 10 mm gap between the two nerve stumps from the silicone chambers. At 16 days after implantation, temporal progress of regeneration was grossly similar as in saline-prefilled control chambers. However, rAMM-prefilled chambers displayed significantly higher number of vessels and a markedly different geometry of the regenerate: an endoneurium, surrounded by a perineurial-like cell layer, was formed outside the largely preserved central portion of the rAMM coil. After longer regeneration times (28 days), a rAMM core was no longer detected, but some rAMM-like materials remained interspersed in the endoneurium. The overall organization of the regenerate and the number of myelinated axons at this time were similar to those of control chambers, although the endoneurial cross-sectional area was larger in the rAMM chambers. One specimen, however, displayed the very patterns for which the experiments were designed, namely an array of numerous, myelinated axons tracing the spiraling spaces between consecutive lamellae of the rAMM coil.
一种细胞外基质制剂，即人羊膜基质（hAMM），可作为培养的外周和中枢神经元的神经突促进基质，也可作为成年实验性损伤脑体内轴突生长的支持物。在本研究中，我们在硅胶室模型中测试了类似材料作为成年大鼠坐骨神经再生的桥接物。由于hAMM引发炎症反应，我们开发了大鼠羊膜基质（rAMM），它被证明是培养的神经节和脊髓神经元的优良神经突促进基质。将rAMM盘绕并插入硅胶室中两个神经残端之间10毫米的间隙中。植入后16天，再生的时间进程与预填充生理盐水的对照室大致相似。然而，预填充rAMM的室显示出明显更多的血管，并且再生组织的几何形状明显不同：在rAMM盘绕的大部分保留的中央部分之外形成了一层由神经束膜样细胞层包围的神经内膜。再生时间更长（28天）后，不再检测到rAMM核心，但一些类似rAMM的材料仍散布在神经内膜中。此时再生组织的整体结构和有髓轴突的数量与对照室相似，尽管rAMM室中的神经内膜横截面积更大。然而，有一个标本呈现出了实验所设计的模式，即大量有髓轴突沿着rAMM盘绕的连续薄片之间的螺旋空间排列。
