CRESS, Inserm, INRAE, HERA Team, Université de Paris, Paris, France.
Réseau National de Surveillance Aérobiologique (RNSA), Brussieu, France.
Thorax. 2021 Sep;76(9):887-894. doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2020-215515. Epub 2021 Feb 16.
Daily levels of ambient air pollution and pollen may affect lung function but have rarely been studied together. We investigated short-term exposure to pollen and air pollution in relation to lung function in school-age children from a French population-based birth cohort.
This study included 1063 children from the PARIS (Pollution and Asthma Risk: an Infant Study) cohort whose lung function and FeNO measurements were performed at age 8 years old. Exposure data were collected up to 4 days before testing. We estimated daily total pollen concentration, daily allergenic risk indices for nine pollen taxa, as well as daily concentrations of three air pollutants (particulate matter less than 10 µm (PM), nitrogen dioxide (NO), ozone (O)). Children with similar pollen and air pollution exposure were grouped using multidimensional longitudinal cluster analysis. Associations between clusters of pollen and air pollution exposure and respiratory indices (FEV, FVC, FeNO) were studied using multivariable linear and logistic regression models adjusted for potential confounders.
Four clusters of exposure were identified: no pollen and low air pollution (Cluster 1), grass pollen (Cluster 2), PM (Cluster 3) and birch/plane-tree pollen with high total pollen count (Cluster 4). Compared with children in Cluster 1, children in Cluster 2 had significantly lower FEV and FVC levels, and children from Cluster 3 had higher FeNO levels. For FEV and FVC, the associations appeared stronger in children with current asthma. Additional analysis suggested a joint effect of grass pollen and air pollution on lung function.
Daily ambient chemical and biological air quality could adversely influence lung function in children.
环境空气中的污染物和花粉浓度的日变化水平可能会影响肺功能，但很少有研究同时探讨这两者。我们研究了法国基于人群的出生队列中，学龄儿童短期接触花粉和空气污染与肺功能的关系。
这项研究纳入了来自 PARIS （空气污染与哮喘风险：婴儿研究）队列的 1063 名 8 岁儿童，他们的肺功能和呼出气一氧化氮（FeNO）测量值在该年龄进行。暴露数据在检测前最多采集 4 天。我们估计了每日总花粉浓度、九种花粉类别的每日致敏风险指数，以及三种空气污染物（细颗粒物（PM）、二氧化氮（NO）和臭氧（O））的日浓度。使用多维纵向聚类分析，将具有相似花粉和空气污染暴露的儿童分为不同的组。使用多变量线性和逻辑回归模型，调整潜在混杂因素后，研究了花粉和空气污染暴露聚类与呼吸指标（FEV、FVC、FeNO）之间的关联。
确定了四个暴露聚类：无花粉和低空气污染（聚类 1）、草花粉（聚类 2）、PM（聚类 3）和总花粉计数高的桦树/悬铃木花粉（聚类 4）。与聚类 1 的儿童相比，聚类 2 的儿童 FEV 和 FVC 水平显著降低，聚类 3 的儿童 FeNO 水平较高。对于 FEV 和 FVC，在当前患有哮喘的儿童中，关联似乎更强。进一步的分析表明，草花粉和空气污染对肺功能有联合影响。
日常环境化学和生物空气质量可能会对儿童的肺功能产生不利影响。
