角膜内皮疾病。
Diseases of the corneal endothelium.
机构信息
Cornea, External Disease and Refractive Surgery, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA.
Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA; Cornea, External Disease and Refractive Surgery, Department of Ophthalmology, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA.
出版信息
Exp Eye Res. 2021 Apr;205:108495. doi: 10.1016/j.exer.2021.108495. Epub 2021 Feb 14.
The corneal endothelial monolayer and associated Descemet's membrane (DM) complex is a unique structure that plays an essential role in corneal function. Endothelial cells are neural crest derived cells that rest on a special extracellular matrix and play a major role in maintaining stromal hydration within a narrow physiologic range necessary for clear vision. A number of diseases affect the endothelial cells and DM complex and can impair corneal function and vision. This review addresses different human corneal endothelial diseases characterized by loss of endothelial function including: Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD), posterior polymorphous corneal dystrophy (PPCD), congenital hereditary endothelial dystrophy (CHED), bullous keratopathy, iridocorneal endothelial (ICE) syndrome, post-traumatic fibrous downgrowth, glaucoma and diabetes mellitus.
角膜内皮单层及其相关的德斯梅特膜（DM）复合体是一种独特的结构，在角膜功能中起着至关重要的作用。内皮细胞是神经嵴衍生的细胞，位于特殊的细胞外基质上，在维持基质水合作用方面起着重要作用，这种水合作用处于狭窄的生理范围内，是清晰视觉所必需的。许多疾病会影响内皮细胞和 DM 复合体，并损害角膜功能和视力。本文综述了不同的人类角膜内皮疾病，其特征是内皮功能丧失，包括：Fuchs 内皮角膜营养不良（FECD）、后多形性角膜营养不良（PPCD）、先天性遗传性内皮营养不良（CHED）、大疱性角膜病变、虹膜角膜内皮（ICE）综合征、创伤后纤维性向下生长、青光眼和糖尿病。
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