The University of Sydney, Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Pharmacy, NSW 2006, Camperdown, Australia.
NSW Poisons Information Centre, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, Australia.
Br J Nutr. 2021 Dec 28;126(12):1788-1793. doi: 10.1017/S0007114521000647. Epub 2021 Feb 18.
Vitamin and mineral supplements (VMS) are widely available and commonly used. Little is known about patterns of poisoning exposures to VMS in the Australian population. We performed a retrospective study of calls to the New South Wales Poisons Information Centre (NSWPIC), July 2014-June 2019. NSWPIC is Australia's largest PIC, taking approximately 100 000 calls/year (50 % of Australian poisoning calls) from healthcare professionals and members of the public. We conducted additional analyses on Fe exposures due to their high risk of acute toxicity. There were 10 944 VMS exposures reported to NSWPIC during the study period, increasing 9·6 % per annum over a 5-year period (95 % CI, 7·2, 12·1 %). Toddlers (1-4 years) accounted for 41·5 % (4546) of cases. Agents most commonly involved were multivitamins (n 3610), vitamin D (n 2080), Fe (n 1533) and Mg (n 804). In 17·7 % (1934) of cases, the call originated from hospital or the patient was referred to hospital by NSWPIC. Fe exposures increased by 14·0 % per year (95 % CI, 9·5, 18·5 %), and most were associated with high-strength products (> 45 mg elemental Fe per unit dose, n 1036). Fe exposures were hospitalised in 38 % of cases (n 583). We conclude that VMS exposures are increasing in Australia. Although most exposures can be managed at home, many required hospitalisation. Fe exposures are increasing and had higher rates of hospitalisation than other agents. VMS are often considered safe and without the potential for adverse effects, highlighting the importance of public education into the potential risks of misuse of these products.
维生素和矿物质补充剂（VMS）广泛可用且常用。关于澳大利亚人群中 VMS 中毒暴露的模式知之甚少。我们对新南威尔士州毒物信息中心（NSWPIC）2014 年 7 月至 2019 年 6 月的来电进行了回顾性研究。NSWPIC 是澳大利亚最大的毒物信息中心，每年接听约 10 万次电话（占澳大利亚中毒电话的 50%），来自医护人员和公众。由于 Fe 暴露的急性毒性风险很高，我们对此进行了额外的分析。在研究期间，有 10944 例 VMS 暴露向 NSWPIC 报告，在 5 年内每年增加 9.6%（95%CI，7.2%，12.1%）。幼儿（1-4 岁）占 41.5%（4546 例）。最常涉及的药物是多种维生素（n=3610）、维生素 D（n=2080）、Fe（n=1533）和 Mg（n=804）。在 17.7%（1934 例）的病例中，电话来自医院，或 NSWPIC 将患者转至医院。Fe 暴露量每年增加 14.0%（95%CI，9.5%，18.5%），且大多数与高剂量产品相关（>单位剂量 45 毫克元素 Fe，n=1036）。Fe 暴露中有 38%（n=583）需要住院治疗。我们的结论是，澳大利亚 VMS 暴露正在增加。尽管大多数暴露可以在家中处理，但许多需要住院治疗。Fe 暴露正在增加，且住院率高于其他药物。VMS 通常被认为是安全的，没有产生不良影响的潜力，这突显了对公众进行有关滥用这些产品的潜在风险的教育的重要性。
