Kliewer Wendy, Pillay Basil J, Borre Alicia, Zaharakis Nikola, Drazdowski Tess, Jäggi Lena
Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, USA.
Honorary Professor, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.
S Afr J Psychol. 2017 Jun;47(2):246-259. doi: 10.1177/0081246316667918. Epub 2016 Sep 9.
Associations between community violence exposure, family management practices, and substance use were compared in a sample of early adolescents in low-income communities from the United States ( = 151; age = 12.71 years, standard deviation = 0.65; 50.3% female) and South Africa ( = 175; age = 12.55 years, standard deviation = 0.85; 64.6% female) using home interviews with youth and their maternal caregivers. Past year victimization was associated with recent youth substance use. The moderating role of family management practices varied by type of practice (e.g., parental knowledge, control, solicitation, or child disclosure), reporter, and country. High parental knowledge reported by caregiver was protective against substance use only for South African youth. In youth reports, parental knowledge was protective across the United States and South Africa. Youth reports of their disclosure to parents were negatively associated with substance use in the United States but not South Africa. These data highlight the importance of considering both ecological context and reporter in the links between violence exposure, parenting, and substance use in youth.
在美国（样本量 = 151；年龄 = 12.71岁，标准差 = 0.65；50.3%为女性）和南非（样本量 = 175；年龄 = 12.55岁，标准差 = 0.85；64.6%为女性）低收入社区的一组青少年早期样本中，通过对青少年及其母亲照料者进行家庭访谈，比较了社区暴力暴露、家庭管理方式与物质使用之间的关联。过去一年的受害经历与青少年近期的物质使用有关。家庭管理方式的调节作用因方式类型（例如，父母的了解、控制、询问或孩子的披露情况）、报告者和国家而异。照料者报告的高父母了解程度仅对南非青少年的物质使用有保护作用。在青少年的报告中，父母的了解程度在美国和南非都具有保护作用。在美国，青少年报告的向父母披露情况与物质使用呈负相关，但在南非并非如此。这些数据凸显了在青少年暴力暴露、养育方式和物质使用之间的联系中考虑生态背景和报告者的重要性。
