Turner Heather A, Finkelhor David, Shattuck Anne, Hamby Sherry
Crimes Against Children Research Center, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, USA.
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2012 Dec;166(12):1149-54. doi: 10.1001/archpediatrics.2012.1549.
To examine the independent and cumulative effects of past-year exposure to several different types of child victimization (peer victimization, witnessing family violence, community violence, sexual assault, and maltreatment) on suicidal ideation in a nationally representative sample of adolescents.
The study used 2 waves of longitudinal data from the National Survey of Children's Exposure to Violence.
Conducted in 2008 and 2010 on the telephone with respondents from the contiguous United States.
National sample of 1186 youth aged 10 to 17 years in wave 1.
Peer victimization, sexual assault, witnessing family violence, exposure to community violence, and maltreatment by a parent/caregiver.
Self-report suicidal ideation in the past month.
Controlling for demographic characteristics, internalizing disorder diagnoses, and wave 1 suicidal ideation, findings showed independent effects of peer victimization, sexual assault, and maltreatment by a parent/caregiver on suicidal ideation at wave 2. The risk of suicidal ideation was 2.4 times greater among youth who experienced peer victimization in the past year, 3.4 times greater among those who were sexually assaulted, and 4.4 times greater among those exposed to maltreatment, relative to children who were not exposed to these types of victimization. Findings also showed substantial effects of polyvictimization (exposure to 7 or more individual types of victimization in the past year), with polyvictims almost 6 times more likely to report suicidal ideation.
Findings point to the importance of recent victimization in increasing risk of suicidal ideation in adolescents and suggest the need for victimization assessments among all youth who are believed to be at risk for suicidal ideation.
在全国具有代表性的青少年样本中，研究过去一年接触几种不同类型儿童受害经历（同伴受害、目睹家庭暴力、社区暴力、性侵犯和虐待）对自杀意念的独立和累积影响。
本研究使用了来自全国儿童暴力接触调查的两波纵向数据。
于2008年和2010年通过电话对美国本土的受访者进行调查。
第一波调查中有1186名年龄在10至17岁的全国样本青少年。
同伴受害、性侵犯、目睹家庭暴力、接触社区暴力以及父母/照顾者的虐待。
过去一个月的自我报告自杀意念。
在控制了人口统计学特征、内化性障碍诊断以及第一波调查中的自杀意念后，研究结果显示同伴受害、性侵犯以及父母/照顾者的虐待对第二波调查中的自杀意念有独立影响。与未经历这些类型受害经历的儿童相比，过去一年经历同伴受害的青少年自杀意念风险高2.4倍，遭受性侵犯的青少年高3.4倍，遭受虐待的青少年高4.4倍。研究结果还显示多重受害（过去一年接触7种或更多个体类型的受害经历）有显著影响，多重受害者报告自杀意念的可能性几乎高6倍。
研究结果表明近期的受害经历在增加青少年自杀意念风险方面的重要性，并建议对所有被认为有自杀意念风险的青少年进行受害经历评估。
