First Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.
Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China,
Neurodegener Dis. 2020;20(4):113-122. doi: 10.1159/000513196. Epub 2021 Feb 18.
Currently, the number of individuals who undergo surgery is greatly increased. As a consequence, postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) has gradually gained more attention.
POCD is a perioperative complication requiring sensitive preoperative and postoperative neuropsychiatric tests, and its incidence in both cardiac and noncardiac surgery is high, especially in elderly individuals. Surgical, patient, and anesthetic factors may all lead to the occurrence and development of POCD. The key mechanism of POCD may be the inflammatory response of the central nervous system during surgery, which is similar to that of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Enriched environment (EE), a factor that can significantly improve and prevent neurodegenerative diseases, may have a beneficial effect on POCD. Key Messages: This review aims to elucidate the mechanism of the occurrence and development of POCD, analyze the possible influence of EE on POCD at the molecular level, and provide a direction for its treatment.
目前，接受手术的人数大大增加。因此，术后认知功能障碍（POCD）逐渐受到更多关注。
POCD 是一种围手术期并发症，需要进行敏感的术前和术后神经心理学测试，其在心脏和非心脏手术中的发生率都很高，尤其是在老年人中。手术、患者和麻醉因素都可能导致 POCD 的发生和发展。POCD 的关键机制可能是手术期间中枢神经系统的炎症反应，类似于阿尔茨海默病（AD）。丰富环境（EE）是一种可以显著改善和预防神经退行性疾病的因素，可能对 POCD 有有益的影响。
本综述旨在阐明 POCD 发生和发展的机制，分析 EE 在分子水平上对 POCD 的可能影响，并为其治疗提供方向。
