The Lior Tsfaty Center for Suicide and Mental Pain Studies, Ruppin Academic Center, Emek Hefer, Israel.
The Lior Tsfaty Center for Suicide and Mental Pain Studies, Ruppin Academic Center, Emek Hefer, Israel.
J Affect Disord. 2021 Mar 1;282:1030-1035. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.01.006. Epub 2021 Jan 6.
Survivors of suicide loss (suicide survivors) are recognized as an at-risk population for several psychiatric complications, including complicated grief (CG) and suicide ideation (SI). Recent studies have emphasized the contribution of interpersonal factors, such as thwarted belongingness and perceived burdensomeness, on distress and suicidality. However, no longitudinal study has examined the predictive values of these interpersonal factors on CG and SI trajectories among suicide survivors to date. In this 42-month prospective design study, we examined interpersonal variables as predictors of CG and SI over time.
Participants were 152 suicide survivors, aged 18-70, who completed questionnaires tapping thwarted belongingness, perceived burdensomeness, CG, and SI at index measurement (T1) and again after 18 months (T2) and 40 months (T3).
The integrated model showed that thwarted belongingness and perceived burdensomeness predicted SI and CG levels over time, both directly and indirectly. Thwarted belongingness was found to have a high predictive value on SI levels, whereas perceived burdensomeness was predictive of CG levels.
The voluntary nature of the participants; self-report measures; lack of pre-suicide-loss assessment.
The study's findings highlight the critical role of interpersonal factors in facilitating CG and SI among suicide survivors. Those with higher levels of thwarted belongingness and perceived burdensomeness presented increased prospects of both SI and CG. Theoretical implications relating to healing processes are discussed, as well as focused clinical recommendations, including psychoeducational interventions for addressing PB and TB among suicide survivors.
自杀幸存者（suicide survivors）被认为是多种精神并发症的高危人群，包括复杂悲痛（complicated grief，CG）和自杀意念（suicide ideation，SI）。最近的研究强调了人际因素的贡献，例如归属感受挫和被认为是负担，对痛苦和自杀倾向有影响。然而，迄今为止，尚无纵向研究检查这些人际因素对自杀幸存者 CG 和 SI 轨迹的预测价值。在这项为期 42 个月的前瞻性设计研究中，我们检查了人际变量作为随时间推移 CG 和 SI 的预测因子。
参与者为 152 名年龄在 18-70 岁的自杀幸存者，他们在基线测量（T1）时完成了评估归属感受挫、被认为是负担、CG 和 SI 的问卷，并在 18 个月（T2）和 40 个月（T3）后再次完成。
综合模型表明，归属感受挫和被认为是负担既直接又间接地预测了 SI 和 CG 水平随时间的变化。归属感受挫被发现对 SI 水平具有较高的预测价值，而被认为是负担则对 CG 水平具有预测价值。
参与者的自愿性质；自我报告的措施；缺乏自杀前的评估。
该研究结果强调了人际因素在促进自杀幸存者 CG 和 SI 中的关键作用。那些归属感受挫和被认为是负担程度较高的人，既有更高的 SI 风险，也有更高的 CG 风险。讨论了与愈合过程相关的理论意义，以及集中的临床建议，包括针对自杀幸存者的 PB 和 TB 的心理教育干预。
