Bishop D T, Meikle A W, Slattery M L, Stringham J D, Ford M H, West D W
Department of Medical Informatics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City.
Genet Epidemiol. 1988;5(1):43-59. doi: 10.1002/gepi.1370050105.
Dietary intake has been hypothesized as being associated with several hormonally related cancers including prostate, breast, ovarian, and endometrial cancer. Because diet may affect hormones directly, it is logical to examine the effects of dietary factors on hormone production and levels. Therefore, a set of 72 male MZ and 83 male DZ twin pairs was ascertained from the Utah birth certificates. A quantitative food frequency questionnaire was administered and blood samples were drawn for hormonal assays. Heritability estimates for hormonal levels were calculated indicating a range from no heritability for sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), estrone, and testosterone glucuronide to 70% for androstanediol glucuronide and luteinizing hormone. To examine nutritional factors, the difference in hormone and SHBG levels between each MZ twin and his co-twin were correlated with the difference in nutrient intake. Weight and obesity were significantly correlated with plasma testosterone and follicle stimulating hormone. Fat intake showed a significant association with testosterone. Androstanediol glucuronide, a steroid that reflects tissue formation of dihydrotestosterone, was inversely correlated with caloric intake, theobromine and caffeine. Testosterone glucuronide exhibited significant correlations with calories and vitamin A. This study suggests that dietary intake affects plasma sex-steroid levels in men.
饮食摄入被认为与多种激素相关癌症有关，包括前列腺癌、乳腺癌、卵巢癌和子宫内膜癌。由于饮食可能直接影响激素，因此研究饮食因素对激素产生和水平的影响是合乎逻辑的。因此，从犹他州出生证明中确定了72对男性同卵双胞胎和83对男性异卵双胞胎。进行了定量食物频率问卷调查，并采集血样进行激素检测。计算了激素水平的遗传度估计值，结果显示，性激素结合球蛋白（SHBG）、雌酮和睾酮葡萄糖醛酸酯的遗传度为零，而雄烷二醇葡萄糖醛酸酯和促黄体生成素的遗传度为70%。为了研究营养因素，将每对同卵双胞胎中一个与其双胞胎兄弟之间的激素和SHBG水平差异与营养摄入差异进行相关性分析。体重和肥胖与血浆睾酮和促卵泡激素显著相关。脂肪摄入与睾酮有显著关联。雄烷二醇葡萄糖醛酸酯是一种反映二氢睾酮组织形成的类固醇，与热量摄入、可可碱和咖啡因呈负相关。睾酮葡萄糖醛酸酯与热量和维生素A呈显著相关。这项研究表明，饮食摄入会影响男性血浆性类固醇水平。
