Tobias S M
Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.
J Fluid Mech. 2021 Feb 21;912. doi: 10.1017/jfm.2020.1055. eCollection 2021 Apr 10.
The generation of magnetic field in an electrically conducting fluid generally involves the complicated nonlinear interaction of flow turbulence, rotation and field. This process is of great importance in geophysics, planetary science and astrophysics, since magnetic fields are known to play a key role in the dynamics of these systems. This paper gives an introduction to dynamo theory for the fluid dynamicist. It proceeds by laying the groundwork, introducing the equations and techniques that are at the heart of dynamo theory, before presenting some simple dynamo solutions. The problems currently exercising dynamo theorists are then introduced, along with the attempts to make progress. The paper concludes with the argument that progress in dynamo theory will be made in the future by utilising and advancing some of the current breakthroughs in neutral fluid turbulence such as those in transition, self-sustaining processes, turbulence/mean-flow interaction, statistical and data-driven methods and maintenance and loss of balance.
在导电流体中产生磁场通常涉及流动湍流、旋转和磁场之间复杂的非线性相互作用。这一过程在地球物理学、行星科学和天体物理学中具有重要意义，因为已知磁场在这些系统的动力学中起着关键作用。本文为流体动力学家介绍发电机理论。它首先奠定基础，介绍作为发电机理论核心的方程和技术，然后给出一些简单的发电机解。接着介绍了当前困扰发电机理论家的问题以及取得进展的尝试。本文最后指出，未来发电机理论将通过利用和推进中性流体湍流当前的一些突破而取得进展，例如在转捩、自持过程、湍流/平均流相互作用、统计和数据驱动方法以及平衡的维持和丧失等方面的突破。
