在急诊科提供防跌倒服务：是否有效？系统评价和荟萃分析。
Providing fall prevention services in the emergency department: Is it effective? A systematic review and meta-analysis.
机构信息
Occupational Therapy, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
Emergency Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
出版信息
Australas J Ageing. 2021 Jun;40(2):116-128. doi: 10.1111/ajag.12914. Epub 2021 Feb 18.
OBJECTIVE
To assess the effects of fall prevention services initiated in the emergency department (ED) to support patients after discharge.
METHODS
A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted. Analysis of pooled data used random-effects modelling with results presented as a risk ratio (RR).
RESULTS
Eleven studies were identified (n = 4,018). The proportion of older adults who fell did not differ between the intervention and control groups (RR 0.93; 95% CI, 0.82-1.06, I 68%, P = 0.28). There was a significant (P = 0.01) reduction in the monthly rate of falling (RR 0.69; 95% CI, 0.52-0.91, I 93%), fall-related injuries (RR 0.72; 95% CI, 0.59-0.88, I 0%, P = 0.001), and hospital admissions (RR 0.76; 95% CI, 0.64-0.90, I 0%, P = 0.002).
CONCLUSIONS
ED fall prevention services did not significantly reduce the proportion of older adults who had future falls. However, multifactorial intervention significantly reduced fall-related injuries and hospital admissions with low heterogeneity.
目的
评估在急诊科（ED）启动的预防跌倒服务对出院后患者的影响。
方法
进行了系统评价和荟萃分析。使用随机效应模型对汇总数据进行分析，结果以风险比（RR）呈现。
结果
确定了 11 项研究（n=4018）。干预组和对照组中跌倒的老年人比例没有差异（RR 0.93；95%CI，0.82-1.06，I 68%，P=0.28）。每月跌倒率显著降低（RR 0.69；95%CI，0.52-0.91，I 93%），跌倒相关伤害（RR 0.72；95%CI，0.59-0.88，I 0%，P=0.001）和住院率（RR 0.76；95%CI，0.64-0.90，I 0%，P=0.002）。
结论
ED 预防跌倒服务并未显著降低老年人未来跌倒的比例。然而，多因素干预显著降低了跌倒相关伤害和住院率，异质性较低。
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