Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Izmir Institute of Technology, 35433, Urla, Izmir, Turkey.
Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Manisa Celal Bayar University, 45140, Manisa, Turkey.
Biologicals. 2021 Apr;70:28-37. doi: 10.1016/j.biologicals.2021.01.005. Epub 2021 Feb 16.
Astragaloside VII (AST-VII), a major cycloartane saponin isolated from Turkish Astragalus species, turned out to be one of the most active metabolites demonstrating Th1/Th2 balanced immune response. As Quillaja saponins are extensively used in adjuvant systems, this study made an attempt to improve AST-VII based adjuvant systems by using different immunostimulatory/delivery agents (monophosphoryllipid A (MPL), Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) and squalene) and to induce cellular and humoral immune response against a viral vaccine. For this purpose, Newcastle Disease vaccine (NDV) was chosen as a model vaccine. Swiss albino mice were immunized subcutaneously with LaSota vaccines in the presence/absence of AST-VII or developed adjuvant systems. AST-VII administration both in live/inactivated LaSota vaccines induced neutralizing and NDV specific IgG, IgG1 and IgG2b antibodies response as well as IL-2 and IL-4 production. APS based delivery systems enhanced the production of neutralizing antibody and the minor augmentation of IFN-γ and IL-2 levels. Squalene emulsion (SE) alone or combined with AST-VII were effective in NDV restimulated splenocyte proliferation. As a conclusion, AST-VII and AST-VII containing adjuvant systems demonstrated Th1/Th2 balanced antibody and cellular immune responses in NDV vaccines. Thus, these systems could be developed as vaccine adjuvants in viral vaccines as alternative to saponin-based adjuvants.
黄芪甲苷 VII（AST-VII）是从土耳其黄芪属植物中分离得到的一种主要的环阿尔泰烷皂苷，被证明是具有 Th1/Th2 平衡免疫反应的最活跃代谢物之一。由于 Quillaja 皂苷被广泛用于佐剂系统，本研究试图通过使用不同的免疫刺激/递药剂（单磷酰脂质 A（MPL）、黄芪多糖（APS）和角鲨烯）来改善基于 AST-VII 的佐剂系统，并诱导针对病毒疫苗的细胞和体液免疫反应。为此，选择新城疫疫苗（NDV）作为模型疫苗。瑞士白化小鼠经皮下免疫接种 LaSota 疫苗，同时给予 AST-VII 或开发佐剂系统。AST-VII 给药无论是在活/灭活的 LaSota 疫苗中，都能诱导中和抗体和 NDV 特异性 IgG、IgG1 和 IgG2b 抗体反应以及 IL-2 和 IL-4 的产生。基于 APS 的递药系统增强了中和抗体的产生，并轻微增加了 IFN-γ 和 IL-2 水平。角鲨烯乳液（SE）单独或与 AST-VII 联合使用可有效刺激 NDV 再刺激的脾细胞增殖。总之，AST-VII 和含有 AST-VII 的佐剂系统在 NDV 疫苗中表现出 Th1/Th2 平衡的抗体和细胞免疫反应。因此，这些系统可以作为病毒疫苗的佐剂开发，作为基于皂苷的佐剂的替代品。
