University of Alicante, Institute for Health and Biomedical Research of Alicante (ISABIAL), Alicante, Spain.
University of Murcia-Murcia Health Service (IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain.
J Adv Nurs. 2021 Jul;77(7):3008-3019. doi: 10.1111/jan.14794. Epub 2021 Feb 19.
To better understand formal care providers' role in fall prevention.
Qualitative synthesis as part of an integrative review.
Fifteen electronic databases were consulted with the time limit being December 2017. Studies included were qualitative primary studies on formal care providers and fall prevention of people over 65 years of age in health care facilities. 17 studies were included.
Qualitative researchers carried out a critical appraisal and abstraction of the studies retained. Primary studies were imported into Nvivo 12 software; grounded theory procedures of constant comparison, microanalysis, coding, development of memos and diagrams were completed concurrently in a continuous growing process of data conceptualization. Analysis was iterative; it started with open coding and ended with the development of an integrative memo.
Primary studies were synthesized with the emerging core category of "Managing and keeping control" and described by the emerging strategies of risk management, risk control and articulation work. These three categories account for the formal care providers' role in fall prevention in health care facilities.
Fall prevention is not given by a series of means and instruments; it is rather built in the interactions between formal care providers and the material and social world. The interactive character of prevention implies that outcomes cannot always be anticipated.
Although falls are one of the most researched clinical problems in nursing, the role played by nursing and care staff is dispersed and scantily documented. Formal care providers alternate risk management with risk control strategies to prevent older people from falling in health care facilities, they also resort to the articulation of the health care team as a complementary strategy. This review shows the dynamic character of fall prevention, which is something that has tended to go unnoticed in the literature and in policy.
更好地理解正式照护者在预防跌倒方面的作用。
作为综合评价的一部分进行定性综合。
在 2017 年 12 月的时间限制内，查阅了 15 个电子数据库。纳入的研究为针对 65 岁以上人群在医疗保健机构中正式照护者和跌倒预防的定性原始研究。共纳入 17 项研究。
定性研究人员对保留的研究进行了批判性评价和摘要。原始研究被导入 Nvivo 12 软件；在不断增长的数据概念化过程中，同时进行了扎根理论程序的持续比较、微观分析、编码、备忘录和图表的开发。分析是迭代的；它从开放式编码开始，以综合备忘录的开发结束。
初步研究综合了新兴的核心类别“管理和控制”，并通过风险管理、风险控制和表达工作的新兴策略进行了描述。这三个类别说明了正式照护者在医疗保健机构中预防跌倒的作用。
跌倒预防不是通过一系列手段和工具来实现的；而是在正式照护者与物质和社会世界之间的相互作用中建立起来的。预防的互动性意味着结果并不总是可以预测的。
尽管跌倒是护理中研究最多的临床问题之一，但护理和照护人员所扮演的角色却分散且记录甚少。正式照护者在医疗保健机构中交替使用风险管理和风险控制策略来防止老年人跌倒，他们还诉诸于医疗保健团队的表达作为补充策略。本次综述展示了跌倒预防的动态特征，这在文献和政策中往往被忽视。
