Graft Patency of a Second Conduit for Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery: A Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

It has been well documented that the use of the left internal thoracic artery (LITA) to graft the left anterior descending (LAD) artery has a significant benefit in coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. However, what graft is the best as a second conduit to complement LITA-LAD anastomosis remains uncertain. We thus conducted a network meta-analysis of RCTs to compare graft patency of the radial artery (RA), the right internal thoracic artery (RITA), the right gastroepiploic artery (RGEA), conventional saphenous vein (C-SVG), and no-touch saphenous vein (NT-SVG) as a second conduit in CABG. MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched through August 31, 2020 to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that investigated graft patency of a second conduit in CABG. From each study, we extracted the incidence rate ratios of the outcome. A total of 13 RCTs were identified, including 3728 patients and 2773 angiographic results. The graft failure rates were significantly lower in NT-SVG and RA compared to C-SVG and RGEA. There was no significant difference among the other comparisons. A sensitivity analysis restricting trials with ≥3 years angiographic follow-up time showed the graft failure rates were significantly lower in NT-SVG and RA compared to C-SVG and RGEA, and a sensitivity analysis restricting trials with ≥5 years angiographic follow-up time showed the graft failure rates were significantly lower in NT-SVG and RA compared to C-SVG. In a network meta-analysis of the updated outcomes from RCTs, NT-SVG and RA have better graft patency compared to C-SVG and RGEA.