Healthcare Improvement Scotland, NHSScotland, UK.
Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK; British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Science, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
Exp Gerontol. 2021 May;147:111287. doi: 10.1016/j.exger.2021.111287. Epub 2021 Feb 18.
While the positive effects of exercise on frailty are well documented, the effect of exercise on quality of life (QoL) and activities of daily living (ADL) in frail older adults remains less certain. Therefore, this paper aimed to systematically review the literature investigating the effect of exercise on QoL and ADL in this group. Embase, MEDLINE, CENTRAL, PEDro and Web of Science Core Collections were searched systematically using relevant MeSH terms. The inclusion criteria were: controlled trial design, published in English, population included frail older adults, frailty measured quantitatively, interventions that included exercise, and QoL or ADL measurements (PROSPERO: CRD42018106173). After screening, 15 studies were eligible for inclusion in the qualitative synthesis (total n: 2467; mean age range: 70-85 years). There was a positive effect on QoL or ADL measures in 10 out of the 15 studies. QoL and ADLs only improved in studies that also reported improved physical outcomes. These results reflect the multi-factoral nature of frailty and how physical capability and QoL are interlinked. Heterogeneity precluded formal meta-analysis. Future trials in frail older adults should focus on interventions that include exercise, measure physical outcomes and use consistent study design to enable meta-analysis to be conducted.
虽然运动对虚弱的积极影响已有充分记录，但运动对虚弱老年人生活质量（QoL）和日常生活活动（ADL）的影响仍不确定。因此，本文旨在系统地回顾调查运动对该人群 QoL 和 ADL 影响的文献。使用相关的 MeSH 术语，对 Embase、MEDLINE、CENTRAL、PEDro 和 Web of Science Core Collections 进行了系统搜索。纳入标准为：对照试验设计、英文发表、纳入虚弱老年人、定量测量衰弱、包括运动的干预措施以及 QoL 或 ADL 测量（PROSPERO：CRD42018106173）。经过筛选，15 项研究符合纳入定性综合分析的标准（总 n：2467；平均年龄范围：70-85 岁）。在 15 项研究中有 10 项对 QoL 或 ADL 测量有积极影响。只有在报告身体状况改善的研究中，QoL 和 ADL 才会改善。这些结果反映了虚弱的多因素性质，以及身体能力和 QoL 是如何相互关联的。由于存在异质性，因此无法进行正式的荟萃分析。未来针对虚弱老年人的试验应侧重于包括运动、测量身体结果并使用一致研究设计的干预措施，以便能够进行荟萃分析。
