Emiru Yohannes Kelifa, Periasamy Gomathi, Karim Aman, Ur Rehman Najeeb, Ansari Mohd Nazam
School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia/Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia.
Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia.
Pak J Pharm Sci. 2020 Jul;33(4(Supplementary)):1917-1926.
The study was aimed to evaluate in vitro antioxidant, α-amylase inhibitory and in vivo antidiabetic activities of Myrica salicifolia root extracts. The powdered roots of M. salicifolia were extracted with 80% methanol and then dried. The dried extract was further fractionated into chloroform, ethyl acetate, butanol and aqueous fractions. The phytochemical screening of the crude extract was performed using standard chemical identification tests. The antioxidant activity of the extracts was determined by in vitro method using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) as radical scavenging reagent. The in vitro α-amylase inhibitory activity was performed using the chromogenic3,5-dinitrosalicylic (DNSA) method. The antidiabetic activity of M. salicifolia root crude extract (200, 400 and 600 mg/kg) and fractions (400 mg/kg) were evaluated in normal, glucose loaded hyperglycemic and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice. The crude root extract of M. salicifolia showed strong DPPH radical scavenging activity (IC50 = 4.54µg/ml) which was comparable with the standard antioxidant, ascorbic acid. In α-amylase inhibitory activity, the crude extract and butanol fraction showed highest enzyme inhibition. In the antidiabetic activity, daily administration of the crude extract, aqueous and butanol fractions for fifteen days showed highest significant reduction in fasting blood glucose level (BGL) compared to diabetic control in STZ-induced diabetic mice model. The root extract and fractions of M. salicifolia exhibited significant antihyperglycemic, α-amylase inhibitory and antioxidant activity with no sign of toxicity. The antidiabetic effect of the plant could be due to the synergistic effect of various classes of constituents present in the root part of the plant.
本研究旨在评估杨梅根提取物的体外抗氧化、α-淀粉酶抑制及体内抗糖尿病活性。将杨梅的根磨成粉末，用80%甲醇提取，然后干燥。干燥后的提取物进一步分离为氯仿、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇和水相部分。采用标准化学鉴定试验对粗提物进行植物化学筛选。以2,2-二苯基-1-苦基肼（DPPH）为自由基清除剂，通过体外方法测定提取物的抗氧化活性。采用显色3,5-二硝基水杨酸（DNSA）法测定体外α-淀粉酶抑制活性。在正常、葡萄糖负荷高血糖和链脲佐菌素（STZ）诱导的糖尿病小鼠中评估杨梅根粗提物（200、400和600mg/kg）及各部分（400mg/kg）的抗糖尿病活性。杨梅根粗提物表现出较强的DPPH自由基清除活性（IC50 = 4.54μg/ml），与标准抗氧化剂抗坏血酸相当。在α-淀粉酶抑制活性方面，粗提物和正丁醇部分表现出最高的酶抑制作用。在抗糖尿病活性方面，与STZ诱导的糖尿病小鼠模型中的糖尿病对照组相比，连续15天每日给予粗提物、水相和正丁醇部分可使空腹血糖水平（BGL）显著降低。杨梅根提取物及其各部分表现出显著的降血糖、α-淀粉酶抑制和抗氧化活性，且无毒性迹象。该植物的抗糖尿病作用可能归因于植物根部存在的各类成分的协同作用。
